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A nurse is caring for a client at 38 weeks gestation who arrived to the triage with complaints of decreased fetal movement. The nurse contacts the provider and reports the findings. The nurse anticipates an order for which of the following?

A.

Non-stress test.

B.

Biophysical profile.

C.

Ultrasound.

D.

Amniocentesis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

 

A non-stress test (NST) is a common initial assessment for decreased fetal movement. It evaluates fetal heart rate patterns in response to fetal movements, providing information about fetal well-being and oxygenation.

 

Choice B rationale

 

A biophysical profile (BPP) is a more comprehensive assessment that includes an NST and ultrasound evaluation of fetal movements, tone, breathing, and amniotic fluid volume. It may be ordered if the NST results are non-reassuring or if there are other concerns.

 

Choice C rationale

 

An ultrasound can provide valuable information about fetal growth, amniotic fluid volume, and placental function. It may be used in conjunction with other tests but is not the first-line assessment for decreased fetal movement.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Amniocentesis is an invasive procedure used for specific indications, such as genetic testing or assessing fetal lung maturity. It is not typically used for initial assessment of decreased fetal movement.


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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Late decelerations are a sign of uteroplacental insufficiency and fetal hypoxia. They occur after the peak of a contraction and indicate that the fetus is not receiving enough oxygen. This requires immediate intervention to improve fetal oxygenation and prevent fetal distress.

Choice B rationale

Variability in fetal heart rate of 12 bpm is considered moderate variability, which is a reassuring sign of fetal well-being. It indicates that the fetus has a healthy autonomic nervous system and is not in distress.

Choice C rationale

Accelerations in fetal heart rate are also a reassuring sign. They indicate that the fetus is well-oxygenated and responding appropriately to stimuli. No intervention is needed for accelerations.

Choice D rationale

A baseline fetal heart rate of 140 bpm is within the normal range (110-160 bpm) and does not indicate any immediate concern. It is a sign of a healthy, well-oxygenated fetus.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Breech presentation means the fetus’s buttocks or feet are positioned to be delivered first. Fetal heart tones are often heard above the umbilicus in this position.

Choice B rationale

Transverse lie means the fetus is lying horizontally in the uterus. Fetal heart tones would typically be heard at the sides of the abdomen.

Choice C rationale

Cephalic presentation means the fetus’s head is positioned to be delivered first. Fetal heart tones are usually heard below the umbilicus in this position.

Choice D rationale

Oblique lie means the fetus is positioned diagonally in the uterus. Fetal heart tones can be variable depending on the exact position.

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