A nurse is caring for a client and observes that the client's urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has an unpleasant odor. The nurse should recognize that these findings are associated with which of the following?
Urinary retention
Urinary tract infection
Urinary incontinence
Urinary frequency
The Correct Answer is B
A. Urinary retention typically presents with difficulty urinating, rather than changes in urine color or odor.
B. Dark amber, cloudy urine with an unpleasant odor is indicative of a urinary tract infection (UTI). The cloudiness suggests the presence of bacteria or pus, while the dark color and odor are common signs of infection.
C. Urinary incontinence is characterized by the involuntary loss of urine, not changes in the characteristics of urine.
D. Urinary frequency refers to the need to urinate more often, which does not directly relate to the appearance or odor of the urine.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Using technical language can confuse the client and hinder understanding. Educational sessions should use clear and simple language.
B. Starting with the least important information may lead to client confusion or lack of retention of critical details about the medication. Important information should be prioritized.
C. Turning on the television can be distracting for the client, making it difficult for them to focus on the medication education. A quiet environment is more conducive to learning.
D. Providing educational material written at a 6th grade reading level ensures that the information is accessible and understandable for the client, promoting better comprehension and adherence to medication regimens.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Using an alcohol rub when hands are visibly soiled is incorrect; hands should be washed with soap and water in such cases.
B. Rubbing all surfaces of the hands with an alcohol rub for 20 to 30 seconds is an appropriate practice for effective hand hygiene when hands are not visibly soiled, ensuring thorough coverage of all hand surfaces.
C. Gloves are not a substitute for hand hygiene; hands should be washed before putting on gloves and after removing them to prevent contamination.
D. Even if an individual does not have an infection, they can still carry pathogens on their hands that may infect others, highlighting the necessity of proper hand hygiene.