A nurse is caring for a child who has Addison's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Place the child on a low-sodium diet.
Monitor the child for fluid volume excess.
Discuss the manifestations of hyperglycemia with the parents
Teach the parents about cortisol replacement therapy.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Children with Addison’s disease often require increased sodium intake, especially during periods of stress or illness, due to the lack of aldosterone.
B. Addison's disease typically causes fluid volume deficit rather than excess.
C. Addison's disease is more commonly associated with hypoglycemia rather than hyperglycemia.
D. Teaching the parents about cortisol replacement therapy is crucial, as this is the primary treatment for managing Addison’s disease. The child will need lifelong hormone replacement to compensate for the lack of cortisol.
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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Reducing cholesterol and saturated fat intake is important for managing cardiovascular health, which is crucial for clients with diabetes to prevent complications such as heart disease and stroke.
B. Sustaining hyperglycemia is incorrect; it actually contributes to complications like neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. The goal is to maintain blood glucose levels within the target range.
C. Maintaining optimal blood pressure is essential in preventing diabetic nephropathy, as high blood pressure can damage the kidneys and worsen diabetic kidney disease.
D. Increasing physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity, control blood glucose levels, and reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes.
E. Smoking cessation is critical in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is higher in clients with diabetes. Smoking can exacerbate the complications of diabetes.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Slow, steady bubbling in the suction control chamber indicates that the system is functioning correctly. The nurse should continue to monitor the client's respiratory status and the drainage system.
B. Clamping the chest tube is not indicated unless instructed by the healthcare provider, as it could lead to a dangerous buildup of pressure in the pleural space.
C. Checking the suction control outlet on the wall is not necessary if the suction control chamber is already bubbling steadily.
D. Checking the tubing connections for leaks is unnecessary if the bubbling is slow and steady, as this indicates the system is working properly.