A nurse is caring for a child who has Addison's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Place the child on a low-sodium diet.
Monitor the child for fluid volume excess.
Discuss the manifestations of hyperglycemia with the parents
Teach the parents about cortisol replacement therapy.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Children with Addison’s disease often require increased sodium intake, especially during periods of stress or illness, due to the lack of aldosterone.
B. Addison's disease typically causes fluid volume deficit rather than excess.
C. Addison's disease is more commonly associated with hypoglycemia rather than hyperglycemia.
D. Teaching the parents about cortisol replacement therapy is crucial, as this is the primary treatment for managing Addison’s disease. The child will need lifelong hormone replacement to compensate for the lack of cortisol.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A low temperature is not indicative of organ rejection; fever would be more concerning.
B. Weight loss is not a typical sign of acute organ rejection; weight gain due to fluid retention might be observed.
C. Insomnia is not specifically associated with organ rejection.
D. Oliguria (decreased urine output) is a significant sign of possible kidney transplant rejection, as it may indicate impaired kidney function.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Limiting walking episodes may reduce discomfort but does not address the underlying issue or potential complications.
B. While leg cramps can be common during pregnancy, calf pain could also indicate a more serious condition, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and should not be dismissed as normal without further investigation.
C. Gathering further assessment data is crucial to determine the cause of the calf pain, as it may indicate DVT, a potentially life-threatening condition. The nurse should assess for other symptoms like swelling, redness, or warmth in the leg.
D. Instructing the client to elevate the legs may be appropriate for general discomfort, but without proper assessment, it may not be the correct intervention if DVT is present.