A nurse is caring for a 6-week-old infant who has a pyloric stenosis. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
Distended neck veins
Ridged abdomen
Projectile vomiting
Red currant jelly stools
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Distended neck veins are not associated with pyloric stenosis.
B. A ridged abdomen is not typical of pyloric stenosis; rather, an olive-shaped mass may be palpated in the right upper quadrant.
C. Projectile vomiting is a hallmark sign of pyloric stenosis due to the obstruction at the pylorus, preventing food from passing into the small intestine.
D. Red currant jelly stools are associated with intussusception, not pyloric stenosis.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Clear drainage from the ear is more indicative of a ruptured tympanic membrane or an external ear infection (otitis externa) rather than otitis media.
B. Pain when manipulating the earlobe is associated with otitis externa, not otitis media.
C. Erythema and edema of the outer ear may occur with otitis externa but are not common in otitis media, which affects the middle ear.
D. Tugging on the ear is a common sign of discomfort in children with otitis media due to pressure and pain in the middle ear.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hypertension is not typical for nephrotic syndrome; instead, nephrotic syndrome often presents with low blood pressure or normal blood pressure.
B. Polyuria is more commonly associated with conditions like diabetes mellitus rather than nephrotic syndrome, which typically presents with reduced urine output.
C. Facial edema is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention and is often noticeable in the periorbital area.
D. Smokey brown urine is indicative of hematuria or glomerulonephritis, not nephrotic syndrome.