A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has infective endocarditis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a complication of this disorder?
Dyspnea
Fever
Petechiae
A heart murmur
The Correct Answer is A
A. Dyspnea can indicate heart failure or embolic events resulting from infective endocarditis, making it a serious complication that warrants attention.
B. Fever is a common symptom of infective endocarditis due to the infection but is not a complication; rather, it is part of the disease process.
C. Petechiae are small red or purple spots that can occur with infective endocarditis but are also not considered a complication, rather a manifestation of the condition.
D. A heart murmur may be present due to valvular damage but is not classified as a complication; it is a common finding in infective endocarditis.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Decreasing activity is not advisable; clients with peripheral venous disease should engage in regular, moderate exercise to improve venous circulation.
B. Massaging the legs is not recommended as it can exacerbate venous insufficiency and potentially lead to complications such as thrombosis.
C. Inspecting the legs daily for changes in color, size, and temperature is crucial for early detection of complications and indicates an understanding of self-monitoring.
D. Keeping the legs in a dependent position can worsen venous pooling; the client should elevate their legs when resting to promote venous return.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Black cohosh is primarily used for menopausal symptoms and does not have benefits for peripheral arterial disease.
B. Echinacea is commonly used to boost the immune system but is not effective for improving circulation or walking distance in peripheral arterial disease.
C. Saw palmetto is mainly used for urinary symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia and does not address the symptoms of peripheral arterial disease.
D. Ginkgo biloba has been shown to improve blood circulation and may help increase pain-free walking distance in clients with peripheral arterial disease, making it the most suitable option.