A nurse is assessing a toddler who has acute nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Facial edema
Irritability
Poor appetite
Yellow nasal discharge
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Facial edema is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome due to hypoalbuminemia and fluid retention.
B. Irritability can occur due to discomfort or malaise associated with the condition but is not immediately concerning.
C. Poor appetite is a common symptom in children with nephrotic syndrome and is expected.
D. Yellow nasal discharge may indicate an infection, which is a concern in children with nephrotic syndrome because they are at increased risk for infections due to their condition and the potential use of immunosuppressive therapies.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Developing autonomy is typically associated with increased independence and exploring new skills, not behaviors seen in a distressed or hospitalized child.
B. While anxiety may be present, the behavior of turning away and thumb-sucking more strongly suggests regression.
C. Resentment toward the mother would not typically result in the described behavior of thumb-sucking and turning away from the nurse.
D. Regression is when a child reverts to earlier behaviors, such as thumb-sucking, as a coping mechanism in response to stress or separation from the primary caregiver.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Budesonide is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term control, not for acute attacks.
B. Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist (SABA) used as a first-line treatment for immediate relief during an acute asthma attack.
C. Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid for long-term control and prevention, not for acute relief.
D. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term control and prevention, not for acute asthma attacks.