A nurse is assessing a toddler who has acute nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Facial edema
Irritability
Poor appetite
Yellow nasal discharge
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Facial edema is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome due to hypoalbuminemia and fluid retention.
B. Irritability can occur due to discomfort or malaise associated with the condition but is not immediately concerning.
C. Poor appetite is a common symptom in children with nephrotic syndrome and is expected.
D. Yellow nasal discharge may indicate an infection, which is a concern in children with nephrotic syndrome because they are at increased risk for infections due to their condition and the potential use of immunosuppressive therapies.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Puberty might be considered delayed if there are no scrotal changes by the age of 11 years, as testicular enlargement is one of the earliest signs of puberty in boys.
B. Growth spurts typically occur early in puberty, not towards the end.
C. Changes in voice occur later in puberty, not at the beginning.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Obtaining a peak flow reading is useful for assessing asthma severity but is not the immediate priority in an acute situation.
B. Administering an inhaled glucocorticoid is part of the long-term management of asthma and may not provide immediate relief during an acute exacerbation.
C. Administering a short-acting β-agonist (SABA) is the priority intervention for immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms and helps to quickly open the airways.
D. Determining the cause of the exacerbation is important for long-term management but does not address the immediate need for symptom relief.