A nurse is assessing a toddler who has acute nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Facial edema
Irritability
Poor appetite
Yellow nasal discharge
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Facial edema is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome due to hypoalbuminemia and fluid retention.
B. Irritability can occur due to discomfort or malaise associated with the condition but is not immediately concerning.
C. Poor appetite is a common symptom in children with nephrotic syndrome and is expected.
D. Yellow nasal discharge may indicate an infection, which is a concern in children with nephrotic syndrome because they are at increased risk for infections due to their condition and the potential use of immunosuppressive therapies.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Administering intravenous antibiotics is crucial for treating bacterial meningitis, but isolation is the priority to prevent the spread of infection.
B. Preparing for a lumbar puncture is important for diagnosis, but ensuring the child is isolated to prevent transmission is the immediate concern.
C. Obtaining blood cultures is important for identifying the causative organism but does not take precedence over isolation.
D. Placing the child in isolation is the priority to prevent the spread of bacterial meningitis, which is highly contagious.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Sitting the child upright and forward while applying pressure to the sides of the nose is the correct approach to managing a nosebleed. This position prevents blood from flowing down the throat and helps stop the bleeding by applying direct pressure.
B. Turning the child's head to the side and pressing on the nasal ridge is incorrect because it does not effectively control the bleeding and may cause blood to flow into the throat.
C. Lying the child in bed and pressing on the forehead is not effective in controlling a nosebleed.
D. Lying flat and applying pressure to the cheeks does not address the source of the bleeding and may worsen the situation.