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A nurse is assessing a toddler who has acute nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

A.

Facial edema

B.

Irritability

C.

Poor appetite

D.

Yellow nasal discharge

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale:

 

A. Facial edema is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome due to hypoalbuminemia and fluid retention.

 

B. Irritability can occur due to discomfort or malaise associated with the condition but is not immediately concerning.

 

C. Poor appetite is a common symptom in children with nephrotic syndrome and is expected.

 

D. Yellow nasal discharge may indicate an infection, which is a concern in children with nephrotic syndrome because they are at increased risk for infections due to their condition and the potential use of immunosuppressive therapies.


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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. A stool fat content analysis can indicate malabsorption issues but is not definitive for cystic fibrosis.

B. Pulmonary function tests assess lung function but do not confirm cystic fibrosis.

C. The sweat chloride test is the primary diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis, as it measures the amount of chloride in sweat, which is elevated in this condition.

D. A sputum culture can help identify respiratory infections but does not confirm cystic fibrosis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Hypotension is not typically associated with coarctation of the aorta; it more often leads to hypertension in the upper body.

B. Unequal pulses in the upper and lower extremities are a classic sign of coarctation of the aorta, as the obstruction typically affects blood flow to the lower body.

C. Excessive crying is not a specific indicator of coarctation of the aorta and can occur due to various reasons.

D. A diastolic murmur is not a primary indicator of coarctation of the aorta; it is more associated with other cardiac conditions.