A nurse is assessing a newborn who was born at 42.5 weeks of gestation. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Faint red marks on the plantar surface.
Copious vernix.
Dry, cracked skin.
Scant scalp hair.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Faint red marks on the plantar surface are more common in preterm infants and are not typically seen in post-term infants.
Choice B rationale
Copious vernix is usually seen in preterm infants. Post-term infants often have little to no vernix.
Choice C rationale
Dry, cracked skin is a common finding in post-term infants due to prolonged exposure to the amniotic fluid.
Choice D rationale
Scant scalp hair is more common in preterm infants. Post-term infants usually have more developed hair.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The Babinski reflex is elicited by stroking the outer edge of the sole of the newborn’s foot, moving up toward the toes. This causes the big toe to move upward and the other toes to fan out.
Choice B rationale
Turning the newborn’s head quickly to one side is used to elicit the tonic neck reflex, not the Babinski reflex.
Choice C rationale
Holding the newborn vertically and allowing one foot to touch the table surface is used to elicit the stepping reflex, not the Babinski reflex.
Choice D rationale
Clapping near the crib and making a loud noise is used to elicit the startle (Moro) reflex, not the Babinski reflex.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
An apical pulse rate of 124 bpm is within the normal range for a neonate (110-160 bpm). There is no need to ask another nurse to verify the heart rate as it is not an abnormal finding.
Choice B rationale
Calling the provider for an apical pulse rate of 124 bpm is unnecessary as it is within the normal range for a neonate. This action would be appropriate if the heart rate were significantly outside the normal range.
Choice C rationale
Preparing the newborn for transport to the NICU for an apical pulse rate of 124 bpm is not warranted. The heart rate is within the normal range, and there is no indication for further cardiac observation.
Choice D rationale
Documenting the expected finding is the appropriate action. An apical pulse rate of 124 bpm is within the normal range for a neonate, and no further action is needed.