A nurse is assessing a client's risk of breast cancer.
Which of the following would not be included in the education about risks?
Client's sister had breast cancer.
History of radiation exposure.
Currently taking oral contraceptives.
Age less than 25 years old.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A family history of breast cancer, particularly in a close relative like a sister, is a significant risk factor for breast cancer.
Choice B rationale
Exposure to radiation, particularly in the chest area, increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
Choice C rationale
Current use of oral contraceptives can slightly increase the risk of breast cancer, though the risk diminishes after stopping the pills.
Choice D rationale
Age less than 25 years is not a risk factor for breast cancer; risk increases with age.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Uteroplacental insufficiency typically results in late decelerations, not a sudden drop in fetal heart rate, which is more commonly caused by umbilical cord compression.
Choice B rationale
Umbilical cord compression can cause variable decelerations, which are characterized by a sudden drop in fetal heart rate. This occurs due to the umbilical cord being compressed,
leading to decreased blood flow and oxygen to the fetus.
Choice C rationale
Maternal bradycardia refers to a slow maternal heart rate and does not directly cause changes in the fetal heart rate pattern.
Choice D rationale
Fetal head compression typically causes early decelerations, which are gradual decreases in fetal heart rate that occur with contractions and are usually benign.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Blood pressure should be addressed first due to the client’s elevated BP (144/92 mmHg), which is a potential sign of complications such as preeclampsia.
Choice B rationale
Pulse of 99 bpm is slightly elevated but not immediately concerning compared to the high BP.
Choice C rationale
Respirations are within normal range (17/min) and do not require immediate intervention.
Choice D rationale
Temperature of 100.4°F (38.0°C) is slightly elevated but not as critical as the high BP.