A nurse is assessing a client's risk of breast cancer.
Which of the following would not be included in the education about risks?
Client's sister had breast cancer.
History of radiation exposure.
Currently taking oral contraceptives.
Age less than 25 years old.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A family history of breast cancer, particularly in a close relative like a sister, is a significant risk factor for breast cancer.
Choice B rationale
Exposure to radiation, particularly in the chest area, increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
Choice C rationale
Current use of oral contraceptives can slightly increase the risk of breast cancer, though the risk diminishes after stopping the pills.
Choice D rationale
Age less than 25 years is not a risk factor for breast cancer; risk increases with age.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Postpartum blues typically resolve within the first two weeks postpartum and involve mild symptoms like mood swings and irritability. In contrast, postpartum depression can persist
longer and requires treatment.
Choice B rationale
Symptoms of postpartum blues usually disappear without medical intervention, whereas postpartum depression often needs professional treatment to manage the more severe and
persistent symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Postpartum depression can impair a mother's ability to care for herself and her baby safely, requiring intervention to prevent harm. Postpartum blues do not typically cause such severe
functional impairment.
Choice D rationale
Postpartum depression may require antidepressants for treatment due to its severity. Postpartum blues generally do not necessitate such interventions and are managed through
support and reassurance.
Choice E rationale
Postpartum depression can occur at any time within the first 12 months after delivery, while postpartum blues are usually confined to the initial two weeks postpartum.
Correct Answer is ["B","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The statement suggests supplementing with formula due to the baby’s weight loss. However, a 5% weight loss in the first few days is normal for breastfed infants, and formula
supplementation is not necessary unless recommended by a healthcare provider. Early breastfeeding should be encouraged to increase milk supply and support newborn weight gain.
Choice B rationale:
This statement correctly indicates that newborns should feed 8 to 12 times per day and on demand to ensure adequate nutrition and promote milk production. Frequent breastfeeding
helps establish and maintain milk supply.
Choice C rationale:
Using plastic-lined breast pads can retain moisture and increase the risk of infection or irritation. Sore nipples can be managed with lanolin creams, air-drying, and proper latching
techniques during breastfeeding.
Choice D rationale:
Drinking more whole milk is a common misconception and does not directly increase a mother's milk supply. Milk production is influenced by frequent breastfeeding, proper hydration,
and balanced nutrition, not by specific types of foods or drinks.
Choice E rationale:
Newborn stools transition from dark greenish meconium to yellow, seedy stools within the first few days of life as breastfeeding becomes established. This indicates effective feeding
and milk intake.
Choice F rationale:
It is normal for a breastfeeding mother’s breasts to feel full, warm, and slightly tender as her milk comes in. This indicates that the milk supply is increasing and the body is responding
to the newborn’s feeding needs.