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A nurse is assessing a client with a temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F) and a white blood cell count of 15,000/mm³. Which condition is the client most likely experiencing?

A.

Bacterial infection.

B.

Viral infection.

C.

Fungal infection.

D.

Parasitic infection.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

 

Bacterial infection often leads to an elevated white blood cell count (15,000/mm³) and fever (38.5°C). The body’s immune response to bacterial pathogens results in these clinical manifestations.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Viral infections can cause fever, but they typically do not lead to a significant increase in white blood cell count.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Fungal infections can cause fever and elevated white blood cell count, but they are less common and usually occur in immunocompromised individuals.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Parasitic infections can cause fever and elevated white blood cell count, but they are less common and usually present with other specific symptoms.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Administering vitamin B12 to increase RBC size is not appropriate in this scenario. The elevated MCV indicates macrocytic anemia, which is often due to vitamin B12 deficiency. The goal is to restore normal RBC maturation, not to increase RBC size.

Choice B rationale

Administering vitamin B12 to restore normal RBC maturation is the appropriate action. The elevated MCV indicates macrocytic anemia, which is often due to vitamin B12 deficiency. Administering vitamin B12 will help restore normal RBC maturation and correct the anemia.

Choice C rationale

Administering medication to decrease RBC size is not appropriate in this scenario. The elevated MCV indicates macrocytic anemia, which is often due to vitamin B12 deficiency. The goal is to restore normal RBC maturation, not to decrease RBC size.

Choice D rationale

Administering iron to increase the formation of hemoglobin molecules is not appropriate in this scenario. The elevated MCV indicates macrocytic anemia, which is often due to vitamin B12 deficiency. Iron supplementation is typically used for microcytic anemia, not macrocytic anemia.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

ChoiceArationale

Post-renalacute kidneyinjury(AKI)iscausedbyobstructionofurineflow,leadingto decreased urine output, but it does not typically cause crackles in the lungs.

ChoiceBrationale

Diabetesinsipidus(DI)ischaracterizedbyexcessiveurinationandthirstduetoadeficiencyof antidiuretic hormone (ADH), but it does not cause crackles in the lungs.

ChoiceCrationale

Syndromeofinappropriateantidiuretichormone(SIADH)involvesexcessivereleaseofADH, leading to water retention and hyponatremia, but it does not cause crackles in the lungs.

ChoiceDrationale

Congestiveheartfailure(CHF)canleadtofluidaccumulationinthelungs(crackles)and decreased urine output due to poor cardiac function and renal perfusion.

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