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A nurse is assessing a client with a temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F) and a white blood cell count of 15,000/mm³. Which condition is the client most likely experiencing?

A.

Bacterial infection.

B.

Viral infection.

C.

Fungal infection.

D.

Parasitic infection.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

 

Bacterial infection often leads to an elevated white blood cell count (15,000/mm³) and fever (38.5°C). The body’s immune response to bacterial pathogens results in these clinical manifestations.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Viral infections can cause fever, but they typically do not lead to a significant increase in white blood cell count.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Fungal infections can cause fever and elevated white blood cell count, but they are less common and usually occur in immunocompromised individuals.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Parasitic infections can cause fever and elevated white blood cell count, but they are less common and usually present with other specific symptoms.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can lead to pulmonary embolism but does not directly cause chest pain and shortness of breath.

Choice B rationale

Pulmonary embolus (PE) is characterized by chest pain, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis (coughing up blood), especially in patients on bed rest.

Choice C rationale

Anemia can cause fatigue and shortness of breath but not typically chest pain and hemoptysis.

Choice D rationale

Right heart failure can cause shortness of breath and edema but not typically chest pain and hemoptysis.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Hypocortisolism, also known as Addison’s disease, is characterized by insufficient production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. It does not typically cause goiter, which is an enlargement of the thyroid gland due to various causes such as iodine deficiency, autoimmune diseases, or nodules.

Choice B rationale

Hyperinsulinemia refers to an excess level of insulin in the blood, often associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. It is not related to the development of goiter.

Choice C rationale

Iodide deficiency is a common cause of goiter. The thyroid gland requires iodine to produce thyroid hormones. When there is a deficiency, the gland enlarges in an attempt to capture more iodine from the bloodstream.

Choice D rationale

Azotemia is an elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels, typically due to kidney dysfunction. It is not associated with the development of goiter.

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