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A nurse is assessing a client with a history of heart failure who presents with severe edema in the lower extremities. The nurse would document the presence of +4 pitting edema after noting which finding?

A.

Severe pitting, very swollen leg and indentation that lasts for a long time, 8 mm deep

B.

Slight indentation, with no perceptible swelling of the leg. 2 mm deep

C.

Moderate pitting, with indentation that subsides rapidly, 4 mm deep

D.

Deep pitting, swollen leg, and indentation that remains for a short time, 6 mm deep

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. +4 pitting edema is characterized by severe pitting that creates a deep indentation (greater than 8 mm) that remains for a prolonged period. This description matches the findings in option 

 

B. This describes +1 pitting edema, which is not consistent with +4 edema.  

 

C. This option describes +2 or +3 pitting edema, as the indentation subsides rapidly, which does not align with +4.  

 

D. Although this describes deep pitting, the depth is less than 8 mm, which is not consistent with +4 edema.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Numbness in the right arm is not a risk factor for skin cancer; it is more related to neurological issues or circulation problems.

B. While working in a beauty parlor may involve exposure to certain chemicals, it is not a significant risk factor for skin cancer compared to other options.

C. A client with a fair skin complexion and blue eyes has a higher risk for skin cancer due to lower melanin levels, making them more susceptible to UV damage.

D. Smoking is primarily associated with lung cancer; however, it can also contribute to skin damage and increased risk for skin cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma.

E. A roofer who spends a lot of time outdoors and experiences blistering sunburns is at significant risk for skin cancer due to excessive UV exposure and history of severe sunburns.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Obesity is a modifiable risk factor, as it can be addressed through lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.

B. Race is a nonmodifiable risk factor; certain races may have a higher risk of stroke due to genetic and environmental factors.

C. History of smoking is a modifiable risk factor because individuals can choose to quit smoking to reduce their risk of stroke.

D. History of hypertension is also a modifiable risk factor; while having high blood pressure increases the risk of stroke, it can be managed with lifestyle changes and medications.

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