A nurse is assessing a client with a history of heart failure who presents with severe edema in the lower extremities. The nurse would document the presence of +4 pitting edema after noting which finding?
Severe pitting, very swollen leg and indentation that lasts for a long time, 8 mm deep
Slight indentation, with no perceptible swelling of the leg. 2 mm deep
Moderate pitting, with indentation that subsides rapidly, 4 mm deep
Deep pitting, swollen leg, and indentation that remains for a short time, 6 mm deep
The Correct Answer is A
A. +4 pitting edema is characterized by severe pitting that creates a deep indentation (greater than 8 mm) that remains for a prolonged period. This description matches the findings in option
B. This describes +1 pitting edema, which is not consistent with +4 edema.
C. This option describes +2 or +3 pitting edema, as the indentation subsides rapidly, which does not align with +4.
D. Although this describes deep pitting, the depth is less than 8 mm, which is not consistent with +4 edema.
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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. The diaphragm of the stethoscope is used for high-pitched sounds, such as lung and normal heart sounds, not low-pitched sounds.
B. The binaural (earpieces) should fit snugly in the ears to ensure proper sound transmission and clarity.
C. Short tubing provides more accurate sounds by minimizing sound distortion, making it ideal for clinical use.
D. The bell of the stethoscope is used for low-pitched sounds, such as heart murmurs, not high-pitched sounds.
E. The stethoscope works by blocking out environmental sounds to help the user focus on internal body sounds.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This is the correct answer as conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is characterized by redness, swelling, and discharge from the eye, which is likely what the image shows.
B. Cataracts typically present as clouding of the lens of the eye, leading to blurred vision but do not present with redness or discharge like conjunctivitis.
C. This condition often involves increased intraocular pressure and can lead to vision loss, but it does not usually cause the symptoms depicted in the image of conjunctivitis.
D. This is primarily associated with central vision loss and does not produce the external symptoms of redness or discharge typical of conjunctivitis.