A nurse is assessing a client who is lethargic, diaphoretic, and difficult to arouse. The client's blood sugar result was 40 mg/dL. The nurse anticipates which of the following to be administered?
Glucose tablets
Epinephrine
IVP dextrose 50%
4 oz of orange juice
The Correct Answer is C
A. Glucose tablets are appropriate for clients with mild hypoglycemia who are alert and able to chew and swallow; they are not suitable for someone who is difficult to arouse.
B. Epinephrine is not used as a treatment for hypoglycemia; it does not directly increase blood glucose levels.
C. IVP (intravenous push) dextrose 50% is indicated for severe hypoglycemia in clients who are lethargic or unresponsive, as it rapidly increases blood glucose levels.
D. Orange juice is effective for mild hypoglycemia but is not appropriate in this case due to the client’s altered mental status and risk of aspiration.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Nystatin is an antifungal medication used to treat oral candidiasis (thrush), which is consistent with the client's symptoms of soreness in the mouth and the presence of a white, milky plaque that does not rub off.
B. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections but would not be effective against fungal infections like oral thrush.
C. Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication, which is not appropriate for treating oral candidiasis.
D. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by certain viruses, such as herpes, and is not effective for fungal infections like thrush.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Decreased urination is an anticholinergic side effect due to the medication's action on the bladder.
B. Diarrhea is not an anticholinergic side effect; in fact, anticholinergics typically cause constipation.
C. Dry mouth is a common anticholinergic side effect, resulting from reduced saliva production.
D. Tachycardia can occur as an anticholinergic effect due to decreased vagal tone.
E. Excessive lacrimation is not associated with anticholinergic effects; it is the opposite, as anticholinergics usually lead to dry eyes.
F. Excessive sweating is contrary to anticholinergic effects, which often result in decreased sweating.