A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Oliguria
Hypertension
Bradycardia
Peripheral edema
The Correct Answer is A
A. Oliguria, or decreased urine output, is a common finding in hypovolemia due to reduced renal perfusion and decreased blood flow to the kidneys.
B. Hypertension is unlikely in hypovolemia; instead, clients typically exhibit hypotension due to decreased circulating blood volume.
C. Bradycardia is not a typical finding in hypovolemia; instead, tachycardia is more commonly observed as the body compensates for reduced blood volume.
D. Peripheral edema is associated with fluid overload rather than hypovolemia, as a decrease in blood volume usually leads to less fluid accumulation in the tissues.
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Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
A. Orthostatic hypotension is a common sign of hypovolemia, as the lack of fluid volume can lead to a drop in blood pressure when changing positions.
B. Bradycardia is not typically associated with fluid volume deficit; tachycardia is more common as the body tries to compensate for low blood volume.
C. Decreased skin turgor is a classic sign of dehydration and fluid volume deficit, indicating reduced skin elasticity.
D. Weight gain is associated with fluid volume overload, not deficit.
E. Pulmonary edema is related to fluid volume overload or congestive heart failure, not hypovolemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Respiratory acidosis is indicated by the low pH (7.22) and elevated PaCO2 (68 mm Hg), demonstrating that CO2 is retained due to hypoventilation (as seen with a respiratory rate of 7/min). The bicarbonate level is within normal range, suggesting no metabolic compensation is present.
B. Metabolic acidosis would be indicated by a low pH and low bicarbonate level, which is not the case here since the bicarbonate is normal at 26 mEq/L.
C. Metabolic alkalosis would present with a high pH and high HCO3, which does not match these values.
D. Respiratory alkalosis would show a high pH and low PaCO2, which is contrary to the provided ABG results.