A nurse is assessing a client who has urinary retention.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Blood in urine.
Cloudy urine.
Dark-colored urine.
Leakage of urine.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Blood in the urine (hematuria) is not a typical finding in urinary retention. It may indicate other conditions such as infection, stones, or malignancy.
Choice B rationale
Cloudy urine is often a sign of infection, not typically associated with urinary retention. It can be caused by the presence of bacteria, white blood cells, or crystals.
Choice C rationale
Dark-colored urine can result from dehydration or certain foods and medications. It is not a specific finding of urinary retention.
Choice D rationale
Leakage of urine, also known as overflow incontinence, can occur in urinary retention. This happens when the bladder becomes overly full, and small amounts of urine leak out due to the pressure.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Anticholinergics/antispasmodics can cause constipation by reducing the muscle contractions of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to slower movement of contents and resulting in constipation.
Choice B rationale
Opioid narcotics cause constipation by binding to opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, which decreases intestinal motility and inhibits the secretion of fluids, leading to hard and dry stools.
Choice C rationale
Iron supplements can cause constipation as a common side effect due to their effect on the gastrointestinal tract. They can make stools harder and more difficult to pass.
Choice D rationale
Magnesium-containing antacids typically do not cause constipation. In fact, they are more likely to have a laxative effect due to the presence of magnesium, which can increase water in the intestines and soften stools.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cheese is high in calcium, which can interfere with the absorption of iron by binding to it in the digestive tract, making it less available for absorption.
Choice B rationale
Antacids containing magnesium can interfere with the absorption of iron by increasing the pH of the stomach, reducing the solubility and absorption of iron.
Choice C rationale
Orange juice is high in vitamin C, which can enhance the absorption of iron by reducing it to a form that is more easily absorbed by the body.
Choice D rationale
Milk contains calcium, which can inhibit the absorption of iron. Calcium competes with iron for absorption in the intestines, leading to reduced iron absorption.