A nurse is assessing a client who has seasonal allergies and is taking an antihistamine. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this type of medication?
Photophobia
Diarrhea
Dry mouth
Increased blood pressure
The Correct Answer is C
A. Photophobia: Photophobia is not a common side effect of antihistamines. It can be associated with other conditions, but not typically with antihistamine use.
B. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not a common side effect of antihistamines; they are more likely to cause constipation due to their anticholinergic effects.
C. Dry mouth: Dry mouth is a common anticholinergic effect of antihistamines. It occurs because these medications block acetylcholine, leading to decreased saliva production.
D. Increased blood pressure: Increased blood pressure is not a typical side effect of antihistamines. While some formulations may cause increased heart rate or palpitations, they do not generally lead to hypertension directly.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. “If my breathing begins to feel tight, I will use the fluticasone immediately." Fluticasone is a corticosteroid, and it is not a rescue medication. It is used for long-term control and does not provide immediate relief for acute symptoms.
B. "I will be sure to use the albuterol nebulizer before the fluticasone." Albuterol is a bronchodilator and should be used first to open the airways, allowing better absorption of fluticasone when used afterward.
C. "I do not need to rinse my mouth after completing the albuterol and fluticasone." Rinsing the mouth after using fluticasone (a corticosteroid) is important to prevent oral thrush. Albuterol alone does not require rinsing, but fluticasone does.
D. "I will use both medications immediately after exercising." Albuterol is often used as a pre-exercise medication for asthma, but fluticasone should be used as directed for maintenance, not as an immediate post-exercise medication.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies with frequent colds. This statement is inaccurate; respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is not associated with frequent colds.
B. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in premature and low-birth-weight babies. This statement accurately describes RDS, as it is primarily seen in premature infants due to insufficient surfactant production.
C. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies with genetic allergies. RDS is not directly related to genetic allergies; it is a condition primarily linked to prematurity and lung maturity.
D. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies stressed during the pregnancy. While stress during pregnancy can affect outcomes, RDS is specifically associated with lung development in premature infants rather than stress alone.