A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Exophthalmos
Weight gain
Diaphoresis
Palpitations
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Exophthalmos is typically associated with hyperthyroidism, particularly in Graves' disease, and is not a characteristic finding in hypothyroidism.
B. Weight gain is a common symptom of hypothyroidism due to the slowed metabolism caused by reduced thyroid hormone levels. Clients often report unexplained weight gain despite maintaining a normal diet and activity level.
C. Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where increased metabolism leads to heat intolerance and sweating.
D. Palpitations are also more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where an increased heart rate and heightened sensitivity to adrenaline are common. In hypothyroidism, bradycardia or a slowed heart rate may be observed instead.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used in the management of asthma.
B. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that helps control asthma symptoms.
C. Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation during an asthma exacerbation.
D. Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction and should be avoided in clients with asthma, as it may exacerbate their condition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Soaking the feet is not recommended for clients with diabetes, as it can lead to skin breakdown and increase the risk of infection.
B. While applying lotion to the feet is recommended to keep the skin moisturized, lotion should not be applied between the toes, as this can create a moist environment that promotes fungal infections.
C. Checking the feet daily for sores, bruises, and other injuries is crucial for clients with diabetes to prevent complications like infections and ulcers, which can lead to serious outcomes like amputations if not treated promptly.
D. Wearing sandals exposes the feet to potential injuries and is not recommended for clients with diabetes. It is better to wear well-fitting, closed-toe shoes that provide protection.