A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Exophthalmos
Weight gain
Diaphoresis
Palpitations
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Exophthalmos is typically associated with hyperthyroidism, particularly in Graves' disease, and is not a characteristic finding in hypothyroidism.
B. Weight gain is a common symptom of hypothyroidism due to the slowed metabolism caused by reduced thyroid hormone levels. Clients often report unexplained weight gain despite maintaining a normal diet and activity level.
C. Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where increased metabolism leads to heat intolerance and sweating.
D. Palpitations are also more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where an increased heart rate and heightened sensitivity to adrenaline are common. In hypothyroidism, bradycardia or a slowed heart rate may be observed instead.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. An increase in weight is typically a symptom of untreated or poorly managed hypothyroidism, not a therapeutic response.
B. A decrease in body temperature is associated with hypothyroidism, and an improvement in this condition should result in a normalization of temperature, not a decrease.
C. An increase in energy is a therapeutic response to liothyronine, as hypothyroidism often causes fatigue and low energy levels. Treatment with liothyronine should alleviate these symptoms and restore normal energy levels.
D. A decreased heart rate (bradycardia) is a symptom of hypothyroidism, and effective treatment should normalize the heart rate, not lower it further.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A rapid weight gain, such as a 5 lb increase in one day, is a strong indicator of fluid overload, particularly in clients with end-stage kidney disease. This excess fluid retention can lead to complications like pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure.
B. An oxygen saturation of 93% is slightly low but not a direct indicator of fluid overload; it may be related to other factors like anemia or underlying lung disease.
C. Normal skin turgor, where the skin returns to its previous position after being pinched, does not indicate fluid overload. In fluid overload, you might see pitting edema, where the skin does not return immediately.
D. Flattened neck veins would suggest a lack of fluid, not an overload. In fluid overload, you would expect to see distended neck veins (jugular venous distension).