A nurse is assessing a client for a suspected anaphylactic reaction following a CT scan with contrast media. For which of the following client findings should the nurse intervene first?
Vomiting
Stridor
Hypertension
Urticaria
The Correct Answer is B
A. Vomiting: While vomiting can occur during anaphylaxis, it is not the most immediately life-threatening symptom.
B. Stridor: Stridor indicates upper airway obstruction, which is a critical and life-threatening sign of anaphylaxis. This finding requires immediate intervention, such as administering epinephrine and ensuring airway patency.
C. Hypertension: Hypertension is not typically associated with anaphylaxis; instead, hypotension is more common due to vascular collapse.
D. Urticaria: Urticaria (hives) can occur in anaphylaxis, but it is not as urgent as stridor, which indicates a compromised airway.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies with frequent colds. This statement is inaccurate; respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is not associated with frequent colds.
B. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in premature and low-birth-weight babies. This statement accurately describes RDS, as it is primarily seen in premature infants due to insufficient surfactant production.
C. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies with genetic allergies. RDS is not directly related to genetic allergies; it is a condition primarily linked to prematurity and lung maturity.
D. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies stressed during the pregnancy. While stress during pregnancy can affect outcomes, RDS is specifically associated with lung development in premature infants rather than stress alone.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Distribution of protein: While protein distribution may be affected in kidney disease, it is not a primary function of the kidneys.
B. Filtration of the blood: The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products and excess substances from the blood. In kidney failure, this filtration process is impaired, leading to the accumulation of toxins in the body.
C. Metabolism of medications: Although the kidneys do play a role in drug excretion, drug metabolism primarily occurs in the liver. Kidney failure may affect the excretion phase.
D. Ability to hold urine: While kidney failure can affect urinary function, the ability to hold urine is primarily a bladder function, not directly a function of the kidneys.