A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child at a well-child visit. The child’s parent expresses concern about the child’s increasing temper tantrums and difficult behaviors. Which of the following statements should the nurse respond with?
“Discipline is an important aspect of parenting. How do you discipline the child when they act out?”
“Some children have more difficult personalities. There are great parenting books that can help you.”.
“Toddlers are beginning to develop a desire for autonomy. Temper tantrums are normal during this stage.”.
“Diets can play a part in behavioral concerns. What does your child typically eat during the day?”
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
While discipline is an important aspect of parenting, the nurse’s response should focus on normalizing the child’s behavior and providing reassurance to the parent. Discussing discipline methods may not address the parent’s immediate concern about temper tantrums.
Choice B rationale
Suggesting that some children have more difficult personalities and recommending parenting books may not provide the immediate reassurance and understanding the parent needs. It is important to normalize the child’s behavior and explain that temper tantrums are a normal part of development.
Choice C rationale
Toddlers are beginning to develop a sense of autonomy and independence, which can lead to temper tantrums as they assert their desires and preferences. Explaining that temper tantrums are normal during this stage of development helps reassure the parent and provides a better understanding of their child’s behavior.
Choice D rationale
While diet can play a role in behavior, the nurse’s response should focus on normalizing the child’s behavior and providing reassurance. Discussing diet may not address the parent’s immediate concern about temper tantrums and difficult behaviors.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Treating upper respiratory infections with over-the-counter medication is not recommended for children with sickle cell anemia. These children are at higher risk for infections and complications, and any signs of infection should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Choice B rationale
Ensuring a consistent and daily intake of adequate fluids is crucial for preventing dehydration in children with sickle cell anemia. Dehydration can trigger a sickle cell crisis, leading to severe pain and other complications.
Choice C rationale
Avoiding immunizations is incorrect. Children with sickle cell anemia should receive all recommended vaccinations to prevent infections, which can be more severe in these children.
Choice D rationale
Suggesting that the child participate in sports activities without restriction is not advisable. Children with sickle cell anemia should avoid strenuous activities that can lead to dehydration and trigger a sickle cell crisis. .
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Giving an oral rehydration solution is not appropriate without first assessing the infant. Projectile vomiting in a 2-month-old could indicate a serious condition such as pyloric stenosis, which requires medical evaluation.
Choice B rationale
Bringing the baby to the clinic today is the appropriate response. Projectile vomiting in an infant can be a sign of a serious condition that requires prompt medical evaluation and treatment.
Choice C rationale
Switching to a different formula is not appropriate without first assessing the infant. Projectile vomiting could indicate a serious condition that needs to be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Choice D rationale
Burping the baby more frequently during feedings may help with minor feeding issues, but it is not appropriate advice for projectile vomiting. The infant needs to be evaluated by a healthcare provider to determine the cause of the vomiting.