A nurse is analyzing a client's electrocardiogram (ECG) strip and identifies the following information: Heart rate: 92/min Rhythm: Irregular P wave:
Unable to identify PR interval:
Unable to measure QRS duration:
0.10 seconds Based upon this information,
thenurse should interpret the client's rhythm as indicating which of the following?
Supraventricular tachycardia
Atrial fibrillation
Sinus bradycardia
First-degree heart block
The Correct Answer is B
A. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) typically has identifiable P waves; the absence of P waves suggests a different condition.
B. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregular rhythm, inability to identify P waves, and varying intervals. This interpretation aligns with the client's ECG findings.
C. Sinus bradycardia would show identifiable P waves and a regular rhythm with a heart rate less than 60 bpm, which does not match the provided information.
D. First-degree heart block would also show identifiable P waves and regularity in the rhythm with a prolonged PR interval, which is not indicated here.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Distributive shock, particularly in the context of anaphylaxis, is characterized by widespread vasodilation that leads to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and impaired blood flow to organs despite normal or increased cardiac output.
B. This option is incorrect because distributive shock involves decreased systemic vascular resistance due to vasodilation rather than an increase.
C. This statement describes hypovolemic shock, not distributive shock. Distributive shock is not primarily caused by the loss of blood volume.
D. While loss of myocardial contractility can lead to cardiogenic shock, it is not the mechanism behind distributive shock, which is related to vascular tone rather than heart function.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This statement is incorrect; the spacer does not primarily increase medication delivery to the oropharynx.
B. The spacer helps to increase the amount of medication that reaches the lungs by allowing larger particles to settle out and preventing them from being deposited in the mouth and throat.
C. Inhaling slowly and deeply is recommended for effective medication delivery when using an MDI with a spacer.
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