A nurse is analyzing a client's electrocardiogram (ECG) strip and identifies the following information: Heart rate: 92/min Rhythm: Irregular P wave:
Unable to identify PR interval:
Unable to measure QRS duration:
0.10 seconds Based upon this information,
thenurse should interpret the client's rhythm as indicating which of the following?
Supraventricular tachycardia
Atrial fibrillation
Sinus bradycardia
First-degree heart block
The Correct Answer is B
A. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) typically has identifiable P waves; the absence of P waves suggests a different condition.
B. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregular rhythm, inability to identify P waves, and varying intervals. This interpretation aligns with the client's ECG findings.
C. Sinus bradycardia would show identifiable P waves and a regular rhythm with a heart rate less than 60 bpm, which does not match the provided information.
D. First-degree heart block would also show identifiable P waves and regularity in the rhythm with a prolonged PR interval, which is not indicated here.
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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Cyanosis of the lips and tongue is not a typical finding in coarctation of the aorta; rather, it is more associated with cyanotic congenital heart defects.
B. Weak or absent femoral pulses are expected due to reduced blood flow to the lower body, as the coarctation typically occurs distal to the left subclavian artery.
C. Bounding pulses in the upper extremities are common because the blood flow to the upper body is increased, leading to stronger pulses.
D. High blood pressure in the lower extremities is not typical; instead, there is often lower blood pressure in the lower body due to the obstruction.
E. Poor feeding and irritability are common symptoms in infants with heart conditions, as they may be in distress or not getting enough blood flow to meet their metabolic needs.
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
A. This reflects a lack of understanding of conservation, as cutting a sandwich does not increase the quantity of food.
B. This belief shows a misunderstanding of conservation, where children may not recognize that the volume remains constant regardless of the container's shape.
C. Understanding that the amount of a substance remains the same even if its appearance changes is a key characteristic of conservation.
D. Recognizing that a ball of clay can be flattened and rolled back into a ball without changing its amount also demonstrates an understanding of conservation.
E. This belief indicates a misunderstanding of conservation, as the amount of liquid does not change based on the height or width of the container.