A nurse is admitting a pediatric client to the unit who has leukemia. Which client should the nurse place in the same room with this child?
A child who is recovering from nasopharyngitis
A child who has nephrotic syndrome
A child who has gastroenteritis
A child who has rheumatic fever
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. A child recovering from nasopharyngitis could still be contagious, and since children with leukemia have compromised immune systems, they are at higher risk of infections.
B. A child with nephrotic syndrome, although potentially needing special care, does not pose the same infection risk as a child recovering from an infectious disease. Therefore, they are a more suitable roommate for a child with leukemia.
C. A child with gastroenteritis may still be infectious and could expose the child with leukemia to gastrointestinal pathogens.
D. A child with rheumatic fever does not have a contagious illness, but the specific needs of the child with leukemia and the potential for complications from infections make it less ideal compared to a non-infectious condition like nephrotic syndrome.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Tea-colored urine is more typical of glomerulonephritis rather than nephrotic syndrome.
B. A recent streptococcus infection is commonly associated with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, not nephrotic syndrome.
C. Polyuria is not a common feature of nephrotic syndrome; rather, oliguria (decreased urine output) may occur.
D. Periorbital edema is a hallmark sign of nephrotic syndrome, resulting from significant protein loss in the urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia and fluid retention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A PEFR of 45% of the personal best indicates a moderate asthma exacerbation, but immediate hospitalization is not necessarily required unless there are severe symptoms or other indicators of serious distress.
B. At 45% of the personal best PEFR, the child is experiencing a moderate asthma exacerbation. The recommended action is to use a quick-relief inhaler like albuterol, which is effective in providing immediate relief. Inhaled corticosteroids are part of the long-term management but should not replace the use of a quick-relief inhaler during an exacerbation.
C. Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-agonist used for maintenance therapy and is not typically used for acute exacerbations. Albuterol is preferred in this situation for immediate relief.
D. While monitoring PEFR is important, action should be taken when PEFR falls below 50% of the personal best, and more immediate intervention is needed at 45% of the personal best.