A nurse is administering drugs to a 70-year-old patient who has a reduced plasma albumin level. When assessing the patient for therapeutic outcomes of drug therapy, the nurse will also be careful to observe for
possible drug toxicity.
decreased therapeutic effects.
altered drug absorption.
increased drug metabolism.
The Correct Answer is A
A. A reduced plasma albumin level can lead to increased free drug levels in the bloodstream, raising the risk of drug toxicity, particularly for highly protein-bound medications.
B. Decreased therapeutic effects are less likely because the decrease in albumin can lead to higher free drug concentrations, which may actually increase effects rather than decrease them.
C. Altered drug absorption is generally not directly influenced by plasma albumin levels; it relates more to gastrointestinal factors.
D. Increased drug metabolism is not a direct consequence of lower albumin levels; instead, the concern is primarily about increased free drug concentrations and potential toxicity.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Administering a stool softener is essential as opioids like morphine commonly cause constipation, and this proactive measure helps mitigate that adverse effect.
B. While auscultating the lungs is important to monitor respiratory function, it does not specifically address a common adverse effect of morphine.
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D. Applying calf compressors can help prevent deep vein thrombosis, but it is not the most effective action for addressing the specific adverse effects of morphine use.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Try not to swallow while the pill dissolves is correct because sublingual medications are designed to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes under the tongue, and swallowing may hinder this absorption.
B. Take a big drink of water and swallow the pill is incorrect because sublingual medications should not be swallowed with water as they need to dissolve under the tongue.
C. Swallow frequently to get the best benefit is incorrect, as this can interfere with the absorption of the medication.
D. Chew the pill so it will dissolve faster is incorrect since chewing may destroy the sublingual formulation, preventing it from working as intended.