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A nurse in the pediatric clinic is discussing Piaget's theory of cognitive development with a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should review which of the following types of thinking that occur during adolescent development?

A.

Egocentric thinking

B.

Preoperational Thinking

C.

Concrete thinking

D.

Abstract thinking

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Egocentric thinking is characteristic of younger children in the preoperational stage, not adolescents.  

 

B. Preoperational thinking applies to preschool-aged children and involves intuitive rather than logical reasoning.  

 

C. Concrete thinking is typical of school-aged children in the concrete operational stage, where they think logically about concrete objects but may struggle with abstract concepts.  

 

D. Abstract thinking develops during adolescence, allowing individuals to think logically about hypothetical situations, reason about moral issues, and engage in critical thinking.


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Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

A. Increased risk-taking behaviors are common as adolescents may feel invulnerable and engage in dangerous activities without considering the consequences.

B. Greater incidence of accidental injuries is often a result of risk-taking behaviors, which can be influenced by feelings of invulnerability.

C. Reduced mental health issues is incorrect as feelings of invulnerability can lead to increased stress and anxiety, negatively impacting mental health.

D. Improved social relationships are not guaranteed; feelings of invulnerability may actually lead to conflict or isolation if risk-taking behaviors are harmful.

E. Higher likelihood of substance abuse can result from a belief in invulnerability, leading adolescents to underestimate the risks associated with drug and alcohol use.

F. Enhanced academic performance is not directly linked to feelings of invulnerability and may suffer due to distractions from risky behaviors.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Visualizing the epiglottis with a tongue depressor is contraindicated in suspected epiglottitis due to the risk of triggering airway obstruction.

B. Transporting the child to radiology for a throat x-ray is not a priority and can delay necessary interventions.

C. Obtaining a throat culture is not appropriate in this situation, as airway compromise can occur quickly, and immediate management is crucial.

D. Placing the child in an upright position helps ease breathing and can alleviate distress, which is vital for a child with suspected epiglottitis.

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