A nurse in the pediatric clinic is discussing Piaget's theory of cognitive development with a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should review which of the following types of thinking that occur during adolescent development?
Egocentric thinking
Preoperational Thinking
Concrete thinking
Abstract thinking
The Correct Answer is D
A. Egocentric thinking is characteristic of younger children in the preoperational stage, not adolescents.
B. Preoperational thinking applies to preschool-aged children and involves intuitive rather than logical reasoning.
C. Concrete thinking is typical of school-aged children in the concrete operational stage, where they think logically about concrete objects but may struggle with abstract concepts.
D. Abstract thinking develops during adolescence, allowing individuals to think logically about hypothetical situations, reason about moral issues, and engage in critical thinking.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Using a booster seat until the child reaches the appropriate height for a seatbelt is correct and aligns with safety guidelines for child passengers.
B. Allowing a child to ride in the front seat while still using a booster seat is unsafe; children should remain in the back seat until they are at least 13 years old.
C. Ensuring that the child wears a helmet while riding a bicycle is an important safety measure and demonstrates understanding of injury prevention.
D. Teaching the child to avoid running into the street without looking shows awareness of pedestrian safety and the need for supervision and education about traffic safety.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Avoiding triggers that cause an asthma attack is crucial in managing asthma effectively and should be emphasized in education.
B. Cromolyn sodium is a preventive medication and should be taken regularly, not just at the first sign of difficulty; immediate relief medications are preferred during an attack.
C. The peak expiratory flow meter should be used daily to monitor asthma control, rather than just once a week.
D. It is generally not necessary for the child to stop playing sports; many children with asthma can participate in activities like basketball as long as their condition is well-managed.