A nurse in a clinic is teaching a group of parents about scoliosis screening.
Which of the following statements by a parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"Boys should be screened for scoliosis at a younger age than girls.”.
"Scoliosis is associated with some form of childhood trauma.”.
"Children who have scoliosis will often report back pain.”.
"During the screening, the child is asked to stand and bend forward at the waist with his arms hanging.”.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Boys are generally screened for scoliosis at a later age than girls due to different growth patterns and timelines in puberty. Girls typically go through growth spurts earlier, which can reveal scoliosis sooner.
Choice B rationale
Scoliosis is not associated with childhood trauma. It's primarily idiopathic, meaning its cause is unknown, though genetics and growth factors are considered.
Choice C rationale
Children with scoliosis often do not report back pain. The condition is usually detected through physical exams or screenings rather than symptoms like pain.
Choice D rationale
The Adam's forward bend test is a common method for screening scoliosis, which involves the child bending forward at the waist with arms hanging down. This position highlights any abnormal curvature of the spine.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Headache could indicate various conditions but is not immediately life-threatening post-surgery. It may be due to medication or anesthesia but is not the priority.
Choice B rationale
Altered level of consciousness (LOC) is a critical finding. It may indicate complications such as hemorrhage, fat embolism, or hypoxia, which require urgent assessment and intervention.
Choice C rationale
Muscle spasms can be a common symptom post-surgery due to pain or positioning. While they need management, they do not take precedence over LOC changes.
Choice D rationale
An oral temperature of 37.7°C is slightly elevated but not alarming. It may be due to the body's normal inflammatory response post-surgery.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all newborns within 24 hours of birth to provide early protection against the hepatitis B virus.
Choice B rationale
The PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine) is administered as a series of four doses, typically at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months of age.
Choice C rationale
The first dose of the DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis) vaccine is typically given at 2 months of age, not during the initial well-baby visit after birth.
Choice D rationale
The MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine is recommended at 12-15 months of age and again at 4-6 years, not at 6 months.