A nurse in a clinic is reinforcing teaching with a group of clients about preventing low back pain and injury. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client requires further clarification?
I’ll wear low-heeled shoes from now on.
I’ll carry heavy objects close to my body.
I’ll sit with my knees lower than my hips.
I’ll do exercises that strengthen my abdominal muscles.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Wearing low-heeled shoes is advisable to promote better posture and alignment, so this statement is appropriate.
B. Carrying heavy objects close to the body is a recommended practice for preventing back injury, indicating correct understanding.
C. Sitting with knees lower than hips can lead to poor posture and increased strain on the lower back, indicating a need for further clarification. The correct position should have the knees level or slightly higher than the hips.
D. Strengthening abdominal muscles is beneficial for back support and injury prevention, indicating the client understands the concept.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A positive result in a Tensilon test is indicated by a temporary improvement in muscle strength following the administration of edrophonium (Tensilon), which confirms the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.
B. A "pill-rolling" tremor is associated with Parkinson's disease and is not a relevant finding in myasthenia gravis or the Tensilon test.
C. The Tensilon test assesses muscle strength rather than electrical charge in the muscle; therefore, an increase in electrical activity is not a relevant measure for this test.
D. No change in muscle strength indicates a negative result for myasthenia gravis, suggesting that the test did not confirm the diagnosis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While hyperlipidemia can contribute to vascular damage, it primarily increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, rather than directly blocking neuron communication to cause dementia.
B. Peptic ulcer disease is not associated with dementia, and the loss of nerve cells in the stomach does not lead to cognitive decline.
C. Peptic ulcer disease does not cause dementia by impacting neuron communication in the stomach.
D. Vascular dementia is often caused by stroke due to reduced blood flow or damage to the blood vessels in the brain, leading to cognitive decline and memory loss.