A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who is 4 weeks postpartum following the birth of a healthy newborn. The client reports feeling “down and sad,” having no energy, and wanting to cry. Which of the following is a priority action by the nurse?
Ask the client if she has thoughts of or considered harming herself or her newborn.
Anticipate a prescription by the provider for an antidepressant.
Assist the family to identify prior use of positive coping skills in family crises.
Reinforce postpartum and newborn care discharge teaching.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Asking the client if she has thoughts of or considered harming herself or her newborn is the priority action. This assessment is crucial for identifying postpartum depression and potential risks to the client and her newborn. Early identification and intervention can prevent harm.
Choice B rationale
Anticipating a prescription for an antidepressant is important but secondary to assessing immediate safety concerns. Medication can be part of the treatment plan after assessing the client’s mental state.
Choice C rationale
Assisting the family to identify prior use of positive coping skills is beneficial for long-term management but is not the immediate priority. The nurse must first ensure the client’s and newborn’s safety.
Choice D rationale
Reinforcing postpartum and newborn care discharge teaching is important for overall care but does not address the immediate concern of potential harm due to postpartum depression.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Lack of appetite is not typically associated with the taking-in phase of maternal postpartum adjustment. During this phase, the mother is more focused on her own needs, such as rest and recovery from childbirth.
Choice B rationale
Eagerness to learn newborn care skills is more characteristic of the taking-hold phase, which follows the taking-in phase. In the taking-in phase, the mother is more passive and dependent, focusing on her own needs.
Choice C rationale
Discussion of the birth experience is a common behavior during the taking-in phase. The mother often wants to talk about her labor and delivery experience as a way to process and integrate the event.
Choice D rationale
Reconnection with her partner is not a primary focus during the taking-in phase. The mother is more focused on her own recovery and the immediate needs of her newborn.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increasing fluid intake to 2-3 L/day is recommended to prevent dehydration and promote overall health. Adequate hydration can also help soften stools and prevent constipation.
Choice B rationale
Stool softeners are often recommended for postpartum clients, especially those with perineal trauma, to ease bowel movements and prevent straining. They help soften the stool, making it easier to pass without causing additional pain or injury.
Choice C rationale
Increasing fiber intake is beneficial for preventing constipation. High-fiber foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, add bulk to the stool and promote regular bowel movements.
Choice D rationale
Rectal suppositories are contraindicated for clients with a fourth-degree laceration. Inserting a suppository can cause trauma to the perineal area and increase the risk of infection or further injury. Alternative methods to manage constipation should be considered.