A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Weight gain
Diaphoresis
Palpitations
Protruding eyeballs
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Weight gain is common in hypothyroidism due to a slowed metabolism.
B. Diaphoresis is more associated with hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism.
C. Palpitations are a symptom of hyperthyroidism.
D. Protruding eyeballs (exophthalmos) is associated with Graves' disease, a form of hyperthyroidism.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Cushing’s syndrome usually causes hypertension, not hypotension, due to increased cortisol levels.
B. Weight gain, not weight loss, is a common finding in Cushing's syndrome due to fat redistribution (truncal obesity).
C. Hyperpigmentation is more associated with Addison's disease, not Cushing’s syndrome.
D. Diaphoresis (excessive sweating) can be a symptom of Cushing’s syndrome, caused by hormonal imbalances.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. In hyperparathyroidism, calcium levels are typically increased due to excessive parathyroid hormone activity, leading to calcium mobilization from bones.
B. Parathyroid hormone levels would generally be increased in hyperparathyroidism as the parathyroid glands produce more hormone in response to low calcium levels, but the condition itself is defined by elevated hormone levels.
C. Increased phosphate levels are expected due to the effects of elevated parathyroid hormone causing increased renal excretion of phosphate while allowing calcium to rise.
D. Magnesium levels can vary, but they are not typically significantly elevated in hyperparathyroidism; thus, increased magnesium is not a standard finding.