A nurse finds a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus lying in bed, sweating, tachycardic, and reporting feeling lightheaded and shaky. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
Hyperglycemia
Ketoacidosis
Nephropathy
Hypoglycemia
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Hyperglycemia typically presents with polyuria, thirst, and blurred vision, rather than sweating and shakiness.
B. Diabetic ketoacidosis presents with symptoms like deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), fruity breath, and confusion, not sweating and tachycardia.
C. Nephropathy does not cause these acute symptoms; it is a long-term complication involving kidney damage.
D. Hypoglycemia presents with symptoms such as sweating, tachycardia, shakiness, and lightheadedness, which match the client's presentation.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Shakiness is a common symptom of hypoglycemia, often caused by the body's release of adrenaline in response to low blood glucose levels.
B. Hypoglycemia typically causes an increase in hunger, not a decreased appetite, as the body attempts to correct low glucose levels.
C. Cool, clammy skin is associated with hypoglycemia due to the body's stress response, not warm, moist skin.
D. Increased thirst (polydipsia) is a symptom of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Cushing’s syndrome usually causes hypertension, not hypotension, due to increased cortisol levels.
B. Weight gain, not weight loss, is a common finding in Cushing's syndrome due to fat redistribution (truncal obesity).
C. Hyperpigmentation is more associated with Addison's disease, not Cushing’s syndrome.
D. Diaphoresis (excessive sweating) can be a symptom of Cushing’s syndrome, caused by hormonal imbalances.