A nurse enters a school age child's room to administer morning medications and finds the client sitting in a chair having a seizure. After lowering the client to the floor, which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Apply oxygen by nasal cannula.
Turn the client to a lateral position.
Administer an anticonvulsant medication.
Check the client's oxygen saturation.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Apply oxygen by nasal cannula: Applying oxygen can be beneficial but is not the immediate priority during an active seizure. Protecting the airway comes first.
B. Turn the client to a lateral position: This action prevents aspiration by keeping the airway clear if the client vomits or has excessive secretions.
C. Administer an anticonvulsant medication: Medications may be necessary later, but immediate safety and airway protection take precedence.
D. Check the client’s oxygen saturation: Monitoring oxygen saturation is important but should follow positioning to ensure airway protection.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Whooping cough. Pertussis is commonly called "whooping cough" due to the characteristic "whooping" sound heard during coughing fits.
B. Fifth disease. Fifth disease is caused by parvovirus B19, not Bordetella pertussis, the bacteria causing pertussis.
C. Chickenpox. Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and has no relation to pertussis.
D. Mumps. Mumps is caused by the mumps virus, unrelated to pertussis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Integumentary: Meningitis affects the central nervous system (CNS), not the skin, though a rash can sometimes appear with meningococcal meningitis.
B. Digestive: Digestive symptoms like nausea and vomiting may occur, but the primary system affected is the CNS.
C. Central Nervous: Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, which are protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord in the CNS.
D. Cardiopulmonary: Cardiopulmonary symptoms are not primary features of meningitis, though severe cases may affect vital systems indirectly.