A nurse encounters a family who experienced the death of their adult child last year. The parents are talking about the upcoming anniversary of their child's death. The nurse spends time with them discussing their child's life and death. Which nursing principle does the nurse's action best demonstrate?
Grief evaluation.
Pain-management technique.
Palliative care.
Facilitation of normal mourning.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Grief evaluation refers to assessing the grief process rather than actively engaging in supportive dialogue, which is not the primary focus of the nurse's action.
B. Pain-management techniques would not apply directly to this context, as the discussion centers on emotional support rather than physical pain.
C. Palliative care encompasses a broader approach to managing patients with serious illnesses but does not specifically address the emotional support provided in this situation.
D. The nurse's action of discussing the child's life and death helps the parents express their grief and memories, thereby facilitating normal mourning, making this the most appropriate principle demonstrated.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Continuing with the injection after seeing blood return increases the risk of injecting into a blood vessel, which is not safe for IM injections.
B. Administering at a slower rate does not address the issue of possible intravascular injection.
C. If blood is aspirated, the correct procedure is to withdraw the needle, dispose of the medication, and prepare a new dose to prevent intravascular administration, as IM injections are meant to be given into muscle tissue, not into a vein.
D. Pulling the needle back slightly is not recommended because it does not ensure that the needle is completely out of the blood vessel.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Communication signs for airborne precautions are necessary to inform staff and visitors about the required precautions for TB, which is spread via airborne transmission.
B. A surgical mask is not adequate for TB; instead, an N95 respirator is required to filter out the airborne particles effectively.
C. The N95 respirator, gown, gloves, and eyewear are essential personal protective equipment for caring for a patient with tuberculosis. The N95 respirator specifically protects against inhaling infectious particles.
D. Negative-pressure airflow in the room is critical for tuberculosis patients to prevent airborne contaminants from spreading to other areas of the facility.
E. A private room is required to isolate the patient and reduce the risk of transmission to other patients and staff.
F. A communication sign for droplet precautions is not applicable as tuberculosis is primarily transmitted via airborne routes, not droplet transmission.