A nurse caring for a client receiving doxycycline for the treatment of Lyme's Disease. Which statement below should be included in the client's teaching plan?
Regular sun exposure is needed to maximize drug efficacy
Avoid water while taking this medication
Take this medication with antacids to relieve gastrointestinal symptoms
Avoid dairy products when taking this medication
The Correct Answer is D
A. Regular sun exposure is needed to maximize drug efficacy: This is incorrect; in fact, doxycycline can cause photosensitivity, and sun exposure should be minimized.
B. Avoid water while taking this medication: Water should be taken with doxycycline to help prevent esophageal irritation.
C. Take this medication with antacids to relieve gastrointestinal symptoms: Antacids can also interfere with doxycycline absorption, so they should be avoided.
D. Avoid dairy products when taking this medication: Dairy products can bind to doxycycline and reduce its absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, which decreases its effectiveness. The client should avoid dairy when taking the medication.
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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. This medication should not be taken if you are lactating: Doxycycline is contraindicated in breastfeeding women as it can affect bone and teeth development in nursing infants.
B. This medication can cause hyperglycemia: Doxycycline is not known to cause hyperglycemia. This side effect is more common with certain steroids and antidiabetic drugs.
C. This medication may cause photosensitivity - Doxycycline can cause photosensitivity, making the skin more sensitive to sunlight and increasing the risk of sunburn.
D. This medication should not be taken with antacids: Doxycycline should not be taken with antacids or supplements containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum as they can interfere with its absorption.
E. This medication may cause discoloration of the teeth: Doxycycline can cause permanent discoloration of the teeth if used during tooth development, which is why it is generally not recommended for children under 8 years or during pregnancy.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
A. Fluoroquinolones: Fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, are known to have the potential to prolong the QT interval, increasing the risk of arrhythmias like Torsades de Pointes.
B. Penicillins: Penicillins do not typically cause QT prolongation. Their adverse effects are more likely to include allergic reactions or gastrointestinal disturbances.
C. Macrolides: Macrolides, such as azithromycin and erythromycin, are associated with QT interval prolongation and an increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
D. Beta-Lactams: Beta-lactams, which include penicillins and cephalosporins, are not commonly associated with QT prolongation. They are more likely to cause allergic reactions.
E. Cephalosporins: Cephalosporins are not typically associated with QT prolongation. They share a similar beta-lactam structure to penicillins.