A nurse advises a client with osteoporosis to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used by the nurse?
Secondary prevention
Primary prevention
Proactive prevention
Tertiary prevention
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of disease to halt its progression. Examples include screening tests and early interventions. Advising a client with osteoporosis to consume dairy products is not aimed at early detection but rather at preventing the onset of complications by ensuring adequate calcium intake.
Choice B reason:
Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of disease or injury before it occurs. This includes measures such as vaccinations, lifestyle modifications, and dietary recommendations. Advising a client with osteoporosis to consume three servings of milk or dairy products daily is a primary prevention strategy. It helps to maintain bone density and prevent fractures by ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.
Choice C reason:
Proactive prevention is not a standard term used in public health or medical practice. The recognized levels of prevention are primary, secondary, and tertiary. Therefore, this option is not applicable in this context.
Choice D reason:
Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and mitigating the effects of an existing disease to prevent further complications and improve quality of life. This includes rehabilitation and ongoing treatment for chronic conditions. While advising a client with osteoporosis to consume dairy products can be part of managing the condition, it is primarily a preventive measure to avoid further bone loss and fractures, aligning more with primary prevention.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Assisting the client with active range of motion exercises is important for preventing complications such as contractures and maintaining mobility. However, it is not the priority intervention in the acute phase of a hemorrhagic stroke. The primary focus should be on stabilizing the client and monitoring their condition closely.
Choice B reason:
Maintaining strict bed rest to minimize cerebral blood flow is not appropriate for managing a hemorrhagic stroke. While bed rest may be necessary to prevent further injury, the priority is to monitor the client’s neurological status and vital signs to detect any changes that may indicate worsening of the condition.
Choice C reason:
Monitoring vital signs and neurological status frequently is the priority intervention for a client who has experienced a hemorrhagic stroke. Close monitoring allows the nurse to detect any changes in the client’s condition promptly and take appropriate action. This is crucial for preventing complications and ensuring timely intervention if the client’s condition deteriorates.
Choice D reason:
Administering anticoagulant medications is contraindicated in hemorrhagic stroke because they can exacerbate bleeding. Anticoagulants are used in ischemic stroke to prevent clot formation, but in hemorrhagic stroke, the focus is on controlling bleeding and stabilizing the client.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
“It is a test that determines which activities you feel most comfortable performing” is not entirely accurate. While comfort with activities may be assessed, the primary goal of a functional assessment is to evaluate the client’s ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs).
Choice B reason:
“It is a tool that is used to determine your maximum level of self-sufficiency.” This response accurately reflects the purpose of a functional assessment. The assessment evaluates the client’s ability to perform ADLs and IADLs independently, which helps determine the level of assistance they may need.
Choice C reason:
“It is a tool that is used to assess what services you will need a home health aide to perform for you” is partially correct but not comprehensive. While the assessment can help identify the need for home health aide services, its primary purpose is to evaluate overall self-sufficiency and functional status.
Choice D reason:
“It is a tool used by insurance companies to determine qualifications for medical reimbursement” is not the primary purpose of a functional assessment. Although the results may be used for insurance purposes, the main goal is to assess the client’s functional abilities and needs.