A nurse accidentally administers the wrong medication to a client, which results in a severe allergic reaction and prolongs the client's hospitalization. The client could rightfully sue the nurse for which of the following?
Abuse
Battery
Malpractice
Assault
The Correct Answer is C
A. Abuse refers to the mistreatment of a patient, which does not apply to this scenario as the issue was an error rather than intentional harm.
B. Battery involves intentional and wrongful physical contact with another person; while the wrong medication is harmful, it was not an intentional act of violence.
C. Malpractice is the correct choice because it involves negligence in the professional duties of a healthcare provider, resulting in harm to a patient. The nurse failed to adhere to the standard of care by administering the incorrect medication.
D. Assault refers to the threat of harm or the act of creating fear of harm in another person, which is not applicable in this scenario since the nurse did not threaten the client.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Blood pressure does not increase during anaphylaxis; instead, it typically decreases due to vasodilation and fluid leakage.
B. During anaphylaxis, blood vessels become more permeable, leading to the release of fluids into the tissues, which causes swelling and contributes to hypotension.
C. Blood vessels do not constrict during anaphylaxis; rather, they dilate as a part of the allergic response, resulting in decreased blood pressure.
D. While there is an immune response during anaphylaxis, white blood cells are not destroyed; rather, they are activated to respond to the allergen, leading to inflammation and other systemic effects.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Muscle weakness and confusion are more commonly associated with metabolic or mixed acid-base disturbances rather than respiratory alkalosis specifically.
B. Decreased deep tendon reflexes and hypotension are not typical signs of respiratory alkalosis, which usually involves changes in breathing patterns.
C. Bradycardia and decreased respiratory rate are more likely associated with respiratory acidosis or other conditions, not with respiratory alkalosis.
D. Rapid, shallow breathing, often due to anxiety or panic attacks, is characteristic of respiratory alkalosis. Patients may also report feelings of panic due to the hyperventilation that leads to this condition.