A newborn is admitted to the pediatric unit to rule out congenital hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect if this diagnosis is confirmed?
Bradycardia, constipation, and hypotonia
Elevated serum T3 and T4
Tachycardia, diarrhea, and tremors
Decreased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Bradycardia, constipation, and hypotonia are common symptoms associated with congenital hypothyroidism due to the reduced metabolism that results from decreased thyroid hormone levels.
B. Elevated serum T3 and T4 would not be expected in congenital hypothyroidism; these levels are typically low.
C. Tachycardia, diarrhea, and tremors are more indicative of hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism.
D. In congenital hypothyroidism, the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is typically elevated as the body attempts to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more hormones.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Profound cyanosis is a key sign of tricuspid atresia, a congenital heart defect where the tricuspid valve is absent, leading to poor oxygenation of the blood.
B. Periorbital edema is not typically associated with tricuspid atresia; it might be seen in other conditions like nephrotic syndrome.
C. Absent femoral pulses suggest coarctation of the aorta rather than tricuspid atresia.
D. Decreased blood pressure in the lower extremities is also more indicative of coarctation of the aorta, not tricuspid atresia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Symptoms of Epstein-Barr virus, also known as mononucleosis, can last for several weeks to months, not just 7-10 days.
B. Epstein-Barr virus is spread through saliva, so avoiding sharing drinks or utensils helps prevent transmission.
C. Bed rest is recommended, but it is not the only measure needed; monitoring and managing symptoms is also important.
D. Epstein-Barr virus is a viral infection, and antibiotics are not effective in treating viral illnesses.