A medical assistant should encourage patients to wear masks when which of the following respiratory infections is prevalent?
Influenza
Legionnaires' disease
Cystic fibrosis
Laryngitis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Influenza: Influenza is a contagious respiratory infection that spreads through respiratory droplets. Wearing a mask can help prevent the spread of the virus, especially in public settings or during an outbreak.
B. Legionnaires' disease: Legionnaires' disease is a bacterial infection caused by inhaling aerosolized water contaminated with Legionella bacteria. It is not typically spread from person to person, so mask-wearing is not a usual precaution.
C. Cystic fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that affects the lungs but is not contagious. Patients with cystic fibrosis are not required to wear masks to prevent spreading it to others.
D. Laryngitis: Laryngitis is usually caused by viral infections or strain on the vocal cords. It is not typically contagious enough to warrant mask use.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Colonoscopy: A colonoscopy is an invasive procedure that requires written informed consent due to the associated risks and the need for detailed patient understanding.
B. Dilation and curettage: Dilation and curettage (D&C) is an invasive procedure requiring written informed consent, including an explanation of risks, benefits, and alternatives.
C. Venipuncture: For venipuncture, verbal consent is generally sufficient, as it is a minor procedure with minimal risk.
D. Cardiac stress test: A cardiac stress test, while less invasive, typically requires written informed consent due to potential risks and the need for patient understanding.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Left bundle branch: The left bundle branch is stimulated after the atrioventricular node and bundle of His, not immediately after the sinoatrial node.
B. Purkinje fibers: The Purkinje fibers are stimulated later in the conduction pathway, after the bundle branches.
C. Right bundle branch: The right bundle branch is also stimulated after the atrioventricular node and bundle of His.
D. Atrioventricular node: After the sinoatrial node initiates the heartbeat, the electrical impulse travels to the atrioventricular node, which then passes the signal to the bundle of His and down to the bundle branches.