A medical assistant should encourage patients to wear masks when which of the following respiratory infections is prevalent?
Influenza
Legionnaires' disease
Cystic fibrosis
Laryngitis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Influenza: Influenza is a contagious respiratory infection that spreads through respiratory droplets. Wearing a mask can help prevent the spread of the virus, especially in public settings or during an outbreak.
B. Legionnaires' disease: Legionnaires' disease is a bacterial infection caused by inhaling aerosolized water contaminated with Legionella bacteria. It is not typically spread from person to person, so mask-wearing is not a usual precaution.
C. Cystic fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that affects the lungs but is not contagious. Patients with cystic fibrosis are not required to wear masks to prevent spreading it to others.
D. Laryngitis: Laryngitis is usually caused by viral infections or strain on the vocal cords. It is not typically contagious enough to warrant mask use.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Taking aspirin within 12 hr of testing: Aspirin does not generally affect spirometry results.
B. Using sedatives within 1 hr of testing: Sedatives may affect respiratory function, but they are not a common consideration for spirometry preparation.
C. Exercising 2 hr prior to testing: Exercise can affect lung function temporarily, so it’s best to avoid vigorous exercise before a spirometry test.
D. Eating a heavy meal 4 hr prior to testing: While eating a heavy meal might cause some discomfort, it is less likely to affect the spirometry results significantly compared to exercise.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Wipe away the first five drops of blood after puncturing: Only the first drop of blood should be wiped away to remove any tissue fluid, not the first five drops.
B. Apply even pressure to the finger during the collection: Applying even pressure helps to promote blood flow without causing hemolysis or excessive squeezing, which could affect test results.
C. Puncture the index finger at the tip: The recommended site for a capillary puncture is the side of the middle or ring finger, not the tip of the index finger.
D. Puncture parallel to the fingerprint: The puncture should be made perpendicular to the fingerprint ridges to ensure an adequate blood flow and reduce the risk of blood running along the ridges.