A medical assistant should encourage patients to wear masks when which of the following respiratory infections is prevalent?
Influenza
Legionnaires' disease
Cystic fibrosis
Laryngitis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Influenza: Influenza is a contagious respiratory infection that spreads through respiratory droplets. Wearing a mask can help prevent the spread of the virus, especially in public settings or during an outbreak.
B. Legionnaires' disease: Legionnaires' disease is a bacterial infection caused by inhaling aerosolized water contaminated with Legionella bacteria. It is not typically spread from person to person, so mask-wearing is not a usual precaution.
C. Cystic fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that affects the lungs but is not contagious. Patients with cystic fibrosis are not required to wear masks to prevent spreading it to others.
D. Laryngitis: Laryngitis is usually caused by viral infections or strain on the vocal cords. It is not typically contagious enough to warrant mask use.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 1:5: This ratio would create a stronger solution than typically recommended for disinfection, which might not be necessary and could be harsh on equipment.
B. 1:10: A 1:10 dilution of bleach to water is commonly used for disinfecting surfaces and cleaning medical equipment, as it provides effective disinfection while being safe for equipment.
C. 1:15: This dilution might not be strong enough to ensure effective disinfection.
D. 1:20: This ratio is even more diluted and may not provide adequate disinfectant strength for cleaning purposes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Exposure to a mosquito bite: Hepatitis B is not transmitted through mosquito bites. It is primarily transmitted through contact with infected body fluids, particularly blood.
B. Consumption of raw shellfish: Hepatitis A, not Hepatitis B, can be contracted through the consumption of contaminated food or water, including raw shellfish.
C. Blood splashes to the mucous membranes: Hepatitis B can be transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids, including splashes to mucous membranes (e.g., eyes, mouth).
D. Direct skin contact with a patient who is infected: Hepatitis B is not transmitted through casual skin contact. It requires contact with infected body fluids.