A jaundiced client has just been diagnosed with stage IV pancreatic cancer. The nurse anticipates the client will display which clinical manifestation?
Clay-colored stools
Hematuria
Pale dilute urine
Weight gain
The Correct Answer is A
A. Stage IV pancreatic cancer often leads to bile duct obstruction, causing decreased bile flow into the intestines. This results in clay-colored stools due to the absence of bile pigments.
B. Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is not a common symptom of pancreatic cancer, even in advanced stages. It is more associated with conditions affecting the urinary system.
C. Jaundice causes dark, concentrated urine rather than pale, dilute urine due to the accumulation of bilirubin in the bloodstream, which is excreted through the kidneys.
D. Weight loss, rather than weight gain, is a common manifestation in clients with advanced pancreatic cancer due to malabsorption and cachexia.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. This statement may not be ideal; smaller, more frequent meals can help manage appetite and energy levels better than three large meals, especially for cancer patients who may experience fatigue or nausea.
B. A flat lying position can hinder lung expansion; a more elevated position is generally recommended to facilitate breathing.
C. This statement shows understanding of the need to manage energy levels and not overexert oneself, which is crucial for maintaining stamina during treatment.
D. Pain management typically requires more frequent dosing rather than a once-a-day regimen, depending on the severity of the pain.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A soft, low sofa can make it difficult for the client to rise and sit safely after surgery, which may risk hip dislocation.
B. A dining room chair with armrests provides support for the client to help them sit down and stand up safely, making this the most appropriate choice.
C. A canvas lawn chair typically does not provide adequate support or height, which can complicate the sitting and standing process post-surgery.
D. A desk type, swivel chair may not be stable or supportive enough for the client, increasing the risk of falls or injury after the hip replacement.