A community health nurse is tasked with prioritizing the needs of a diverse community. The community faces multiple challenges, including high rates of chronic illness, limited access to healthcare services, and socio-economic disparities. Considering these factors, which of the following approaches would be most effective for the nurse to use in prioritizing the community's needs?
Increase outreach efforts to provide information about available health services, regardless of specific community needs.
Conduct a comprehensive community assessment to identify key health issues and resource gaps, then develop targeted interventions based on the findings.
Focus on providing immediate emergency care services to address urgent health issues.
Implement a health education program aimed at promoting general wellness and preventive care for all community members.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Increasing outreach efforts without understanding specific needs may lead to ineffective or misaligned interventions.
B. Conducting a comprehensive community assessment allows the nurse to identify and prioritize key health issues and resource gaps, leading to more targeted and effective interventions based on actual community needs.
C. Immediate emergency care addresses urgent issues but does not address the broader, long-term needs of the community.
D. Health education programs are beneficial but should be based on a thorough assessment of community needs to ensure they are relevant and effective.
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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The child attending a childcare program does not necessarily indicate risk for abuse. Childcare attendance alone does not provide evidence of abuse risk.
B. The partner living with his parents may affect the dynamics of the household but does not directly indicate risk for the child unless further context suggests otherwise.
C. The child reporting seeing the mother being hit with a baseball bat is a significant indicator of potential abuse and trauma, which could put the child at risk.
D. Clinging to the mother's side may indicate anxiety or fear, which could be related to an abusive environment or trauma.
E. Unemployment and alcohol abuse by the partner are risk factors for intimate partner violence and can also affect the safety and well-being of the child.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Improving ventilation and increasing cleaning frequency addresses the environment component by altering the physical setting to reduce pathogen exposure and control infection spread.
B. Administering a vaccination targets the host component by enhancing immunity to prevent infection.
C. Providing antimicrobial medication addresses the agent component by treating an existing infection.
D. Educating on hand hygiene is an important intervention but primarily affects the host-agent interaction rather than the environment.