A community health nurse is reviewing the medical records of four newly diagnosed clients. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as having a nationally notifiable infectious condition?
A client who is pregnant and has cytomegalovirus (CMV)
An adolescent client who has foodborne botulism
A child who has erythema infectiosum
A young adult client who has herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is not nationally notifiable, though it can have significant effects, especially in pregnant women.
B. Foodborne botulism is a nationally notifiable condition due to its potential for widespread outbreaks and severe health consequences.
C. Erythema infectiosum, or fifth disease, is not a nationally notifiable disease, although it is recognized in clinical settings.
D. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is common and not considered a nationally notifiable infectious disease.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A quick inhalation is not the correct technique; the child should take a slow, deep breath in while pressing down on the inhaler to ensure effective medication delivery.
B. Taking the medication 15 minutes before playing sports allows time for the medication to take effect, making this the best choice.
C. The mouthpiece should be cleaned more frequently, typically after each use, to prevent buildup of medication and bacteria.
D. Waiting 10 seconds between inhalations is generally advised; however, the more important instruction here is the timing of medication before sports.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Assessing a client requires clinical judgment and should not be delegated to an AP.
B. Accompanying a client to occupational therapy is a task that can be safely assigned to an AP as it does not require clinical judgment.
C. Checking the position of a client in soft wrist restraints is a routine task that can be assigned to an AP as long as the AP has been trained in restraint protocols.
D. Sitting with a client who has alcohol use disorder (5 days after their last drink) is a task that an AP can perform, especially if the client does not require close monitoring for medical complications such as delirium tremens.
E. Setting limits with a client requires therapeutic communication skills and clinical judgment, so this should not be delegated to an AP.