A clinic nurse is caring for a 4-year-old client with acute diarrhea and mild dehydration who is afebrile, active, and alert. The nurse is providing instructions to the parent. Which statement by the parent indicates understanding?
"We can anticipate needing intravenous fluids to correct the dehydration."
"I will continue to give oral rehydration in small amounts."
"Chicken broth will replace the needed electrolytes lost."
"If my child's soft spot becomes depressed, I will notify the healthcare provider immediately."
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Intravenous fluids are generally not required if the child is alert and active with mild dehydration; oral rehydration is usually sufficient.
B. Oral rehydration solutions are appropriate for treating mild dehydration and should be given in small amounts frequently.
C. Chicken broth is not ideal for replacing electrolytes because it is low in electrolytes and high in sodium. Oral rehydration solutions are preferred.
D. A depressed soft spot (fontanel) is a sign of severe dehydration in infants. For a 4-year-old, signs of dehydration would include changes in urine output, thirst, or dry mucous membranes rather than a depressed fontanel.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Assuming all Asians have the same culture is a generalization and may not accurately represent the specific cultural background of the family in question.
B. Hiring an interpreter may be helpful for language translation but may not provide insights into the nuances of the family's cultural beliefs and practices.
C. Directly engaging with the family and listening to their perspectives allows for a better understanding of their specific cultural beliefs and preferences.
D. While research can provide valuable information, direct communication with the family is essential for truly understanding their cultural needs and preferences.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Regular testing of urine for glucose is not specific to nephrotic syndrome and is more relevant for managing diabetes.
B. Weighing the child on the same scale each day is essential for monitoring fluid status and detecting early signs of fluid retention or loss, which are critical in managing nephrotic syndrome.
C. Increasing oral fluid intake may not be recommended due to the risk of fluid retention and edema, which are common in nephrotic syndrome.
D. While monitoring potassium levels is necessary when on diuretics like furosemide, a low-potassium diet is not routinely required unless hyperkalemia is present.