A client with iron deficiency anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which instruction by the nurse is most appropriate to include in the client's teaching plan?
"Decrease intake of foods high in fiber as this medication may cause loose stools."
"Avoid consuming high in vitamin C within one hour of taking the medication."
"Stools may become darker in color while taking this medication."
"Take the medication on a full stomach for better absorption."
The Correct Answer is C
A. Decreasing intake of foods high in fiber is not necessary; in fact, fiber can help prevent constipation, a common side effect of iron supplements.
B. Vitamin C actually enhances the absorption of iron; thus, avoiding it is incorrect. Clients should be encouraged to consume vitamin C alongside their iron supplements to improve absorption.
C. Stools becoming darker in color is a common and expected side effect of ferrous sulfate due to the presence of unabsorbed iron. It is important for clients to know this to avoid unnecessary alarm.
D. Taking the medication on a full stomach may decrease absorption; it is generally recommended to take iron supplements on an empty stomach for optimal absorption unless gastrointestinal upset occurs.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Blood transfusions are not a primary treatment for pernicious anemia; they may be used in severe cases but do not address the underlying cause of the condition, which is vitamin B12 deficiency.
B. Daily hydroxyurea is primarily used to treat certain types of cancer and sickle cell disease, not pernicious anemia.
C. Iron supplements are not effective in treating pernicious anemia, as the condition is due to a deficiency of vitamin B12, not iron.
D. Vitamin B injections are the correct intervention for pernicious anemia because the condition results from an inability to absorb vitamin B12 due to a lack of intrinsic factor, making injections necessary to restore vitamin levels.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This statement accurately reflects the importance of adherence to ART; if medication is missed, the virus may replicate unchecked, leading to drug resistance, which is a significant concern in HIV treatment.
B. This statement is incorrect because the conversion of RNA to DNA is a normal part of the HIV life cycle and is not directly prevented by taking medication on time.
C. While protease inhibitors do help prevent the assembly of new virions, the primary concern when missing doses is the risk of resistance rather than assembly prevention.
D. This statement is misleading; while effective ART can lead to an increase in CD4 counts over time, missing doses would not directly cause an increase in CD4 lymphocyte counts.