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A client with a history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic with shortness of breath and a productive cough with thickened, tenacious mucus. The client reports difficulty walking up a flight of stairs without experiencing breathlessness. Which action is most important for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care?

Teach anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation.

Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions.

Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of medications occur.

Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Teaching anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation is important but not the most immediate action needed to address the client’s respiratory symptoms.

Choice B rationale

Increasing the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions is the most important action for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care. This helps to thin the mucus, making it easier to expectorate and improving breathing.

Choice C rationale

Calling the clinic if undesirable side effects of medications occur is important but not the most immediate action needed to address the client’s respiratory symptoms.

Choice D rationale

Avoiding crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure is important but not the most immediate action needed to address the client’s respiratory symptoms.

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A. Potatoes. B. Corn chips. C. Oatmeal. D. Fried rice.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Potatoes are naturally gluten-free and safe for individuals with celiac disease.

Choice B rationale

Corn chips are also naturally gluten-free and safe for individuals with celiac disease.

Choice C rationale

Oatmeal can be contaminated with gluten during processing, making it unsafe for individuals with celiac disease unless it is certified gluten-free.

Choice D rationale

Fried rice is typically gluten-free, but it is essential to ensure that no gluten-containing ingredients or cross-contamination occurs during preparation.

A. pH 7.49, PCO₂ 45 mm Hg, HCO₃ 32 mEq/L (32 mmol/L), PO₂ 90 mm Hg. B. pH 7.30, PCO₂ 20 mm Hg, HCO₃ 22 mEq/L (22 mmol/L), PO₂ 85 mm Hg. C. pH 7.46, PCO₂ 55 mm Hg, HCO₃ 36 mEq/L (36 mmol/L), PO₂ 95 mm Hg. D. pH 7.29, PCO₂ 35 mm Hg, HCO₃ 25 mEq/L (25 mmol/L), PO₂ 99 mm Hg.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

pH 7.49, PCO₂ 45 mm Hg, HCO₃ 32 mEq/L (32 mmol/L), PO₂ 90 mm Hg indicates metabolic alkalosis. The elevated pH and HCO₃ levels are consistent with this condition.

Choice B rationale

pH 7.30, PCO₂ 20 mm Hg, HCO₃ 22 mEq/L (22 mmol/L), PO₂ 85 mm Hg indicates metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation, not metabolic alkalosis.

Choice C rationale

pH 7.46, PCO₂ 55 mm Hg, HCO₃ 36 mEq/L (36 mmol/L), PO₂ 95 mm Hg indicates metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation. However, the pH is slightly lower than in Choice A, making Choice A more indicative of metabolic alkalosis.

Choice D rationale

pH 7.29, PCO₂ 35 mm Hg, HCO₃ 25 mEq/L (25 mmol/L), PO₂ 99 mm Hg indicates metabolic acidosis, not metabolic alkalosis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is discussing dietary choices with a client who is newly diagnosed with celiac disease. Which menu choice by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is C

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Correct Answer is A

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