A client taking diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, for hypertension has come to the clinic for a follow-up appointment. The nurse will assess the client for which adverse effects?
Chest pain and pale skin
Shortness of breath and wheezing
Peripheral edema and bradycardia
Tachycardia and anxiety
The Correct Answer is C
A. Chest pain and pale skin are not typical adverse effects associated with diltiazem use.
B. Shortness of breath and wheezing may occur due to other conditions or medications but are not common adverse effects of diltiazem.
C. Calcium channel blockers like diltiazem can cause peripheral edema due to vasodilation and bradycardia as a result of their action on the heart rate. Monitoring for these effects is essential in patients taking diltiazem.
D. Tachycardia is not an expected adverse effect of diltiazem; in fact, it is used to manage conditions where tachycardia may be present. Anxiety is also not a direct adverse effect of this medication.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that increases heart rate by blocking vagal effects on the heart, making it the first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia.
B. Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol levels and does not have any effects on heart rate.
C. Inamrinone is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used in heart failure for inotropic support but is not specifically indicated for bradycardia management.
D. Milrinone is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used for heart failure but does not address bradycardia directly.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that can raise blood pressure and cause increased heart rate, so it is essential to assess the patient’s history of hypertension before starting this medication.
B. While a dry cough may be relevant for other medications, it is not a primary concern when assessing for the use of pseudoephedrine.
C. Recent use of antibiotics is not directly related to the safety of using pseudoephedrine and is not a typical concern.
D. A history of seizures is not a specific contraindication for using pseudoephedrine, although it may warrant caution in some cases.