A client suffering from depression presents to the healthcare setting for pharmacologic treatment. Which of the following medications would be considered the first-line treatment for depression?
risperidone (Risperdal)
haloperidol (Haldol)
paroxetine (Paxil)
clozapine (Clozaril)
The Correct Answer is C
A. Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic primarily used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, not first-line treatment for depression.
B. Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic used mainly for acute psychosis and agitation, not for treating depression.
C. Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that is widely recognized as a first-line treatment for depression due to its efficacy and relatively favorable side effect profile.
D. Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic reserved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and is not indicated for the treatment of depression.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections and is not effective against parasitic infections such as pinworms.
B. Zidovudine is an antiretroviral medication used primarily for HIV treatment and does not target pinworms.
C. Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication that is not indicated for treating pinworm infections.
D. Mebendazole is an anthelmintic medication specifically used to treat pinworm infections by inhibiting the metabolism of the parasite, making it the appropriate choice for this client.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Folic acid does not specifically lower blood glucose; rather, it is primarily involved in DNA synthesis and cell division.
B. Folic acid is essential during pregnancy as it significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, in the developing fetus, making it a critical nutrient for pregnant women.
C. Folic acid does not prevent celiac disease; rather, celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder related to gluten intake.
D. While some studies suggest that folic acid may have a role in reducing the frequency of migraines, it is not a primary indication during pregnancy.