A client suffering from depression presents to the healthcare setting for pharmacologic treatment. Which of the following medications would be considered the first-line treatment for depression?
risperidone (Risperdal)
haloperidol (Haldol)
paroxetine (Paxil)
clozapine (Clozaril)
The Correct Answer is C
A. Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic primarily used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, not first-line treatment for depression.
B. Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic used mainly for acute psychosis and agitation, not for treating depression.
C. Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that is widely recognized as a first-line treatment for depression due to its efficacy and relatively favorable side effect profile.
D. Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic reserved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and is not indicated for the treatment of depression.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While hormonal contraceptives can affect blood pressure, the risk of significant hypertension is less immediate than thromboembolism.
B. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding can occur but is generally not as serious as thromboembolism and may resolve with continued use.
C. Combination birth control pills increase the risk of thromboembolic events, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, making it essential to monitor for signs of these complications.
D. Osteoporosis is a long-term concern but is not an acute effect of combination birth control pills; monitoring for thromboembolism is more critical.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker that is often used in hypertension management but is not considered a first-line treatment.
B. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is a first-line treatment for hypertension due to its effectiveness and safety profile, making it a common choice for initial therapy.
C. Doxazosin is an alpha-1 blocker that can be used for hypertension but is not typically a first-line treatment due to the risk of side effects like hypotension.
D. Clonidine is a central alpha agonist used in certain situations for hypertension but is not considered a first-line therapy due to potential adverse effects and sedation.