A client recently diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease is having education reinforced by the nurse. Which of the following medications would the nurse include in the client's education?
paroxetine (Paxil)
lisinopril (Prinivil)
risperidone (Risperdal)
levodopa (Inbrija)
The Correct Answer is D
A. Paroxetine is an SSRI antidepressant used for depression and anxiety disorders, not for Parkinson's Disease.
B. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor primarily used for hypertension and heart failure, and it does not address symptoms of Parkinson's Disease.
C. Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that may be used in some cases for behavioral symptoms but is not a primary treatment for Parkinson's Disease.
D. Levodopa (Inbrija) is a medication specifically indicated for the management of Parkinson's Disease, as it helps to replenish dopamine levels, alleviating motor symptoms associated with the disease.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Tardive dyskinesia is primarily associated with long-term use of antipsychotics, not SSRIs like sertraline.
B. Serotonin syndrome is a serious condition that can occur with overdose or interaction of SSRIs, leading to symptoms such as agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, and increased muscle tone.
C. Hypertensive emergency is not typically associated with SSRIs; it is more related to the use of MAOIs and certain foods.
D. Extrapyramidal syndrome is also primarily linked to antipsychotics rather than SSRIs and would not be a concern with sertraline use.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A shuffling gait is more commonly associated with parkinsonism, a side effect of antipsychotic medications, rather than tardive dyskinesia.
B. A sudden onset of high fever could indicate neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), which is a serious reaction to antipsychotic medications, not tardive dyskinesia.
C. Constant tapping of feet when sitting can indicate restlessness or akathisia, but it does not specifically represent tardive dyskinesia.
D. Twisting tongue movements are a classic manifestation of tardive dyskinesia, characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements of the face, tongue, and extremities, which may develop after long-term use of antipsychotic medications like fluphenazine.