A client previously experienced a severe anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G. Which medication class should not be administered to this client due to the potential for cross-sensitivity?
Nitrates
Tetracycline
Aminoglycoside
Cephalosporins
The Correct Answer is D
A. Nitrates do not share a cross-sensitivity with penicillin and are safe to use in this client.
B. Tetracycline is a different class of antibiotics and does not have cross-sensitivity with penicillin.
C. Aminoglycosides also do not have cross-sensitivity with penicillin and can be safely administered.
D. Cephalosporins are structurally related to penicillin and have a risk of cross-sensitivity; thus, they should not be given to a client with a history of anaphylaxis to penicillin.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that increases heart rate by blocking vagal effects on the heart, making it the first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia.
B. Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol levels and does not have any effects on heart rate.
C. Inamrinone is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used in heart failure for inotropic support but is not specifically indicated for bradycardia management.
D. Milrinone is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used for heart failure but does not address bradycardia directly.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Administer the insulin to the client is incorrect as the nurse should first verify the dosage for safety before administration.
B. Check the dosage with another nurse is correct because double-checking the insulin dosage with another licensed nurse is a critical safety step to prevent medication errors.
C. Check the client's blood sugar again is incorrect; while monitoring blood sugar is important, it is not the immediate next action after preparing the insulin.
D. Ensure a meal tray is available is incorrect; although the client should have a meal ready after insulin administration, the priority action before administering the medication is to confirm the dosage.