A client presents to the healthcare setting with an episode of status epilepticus. Which of the following rescue medications would be utilized in this scenario to assist in stopping the client's seizures?
benztropine (Cogentin)
phenytoin (Dilantin)
diazepam (Valium)
ethosuximide (Zarontin)
The Correct Answer is C
A. Benztropine (Cogentin) is an anticholinergic used primarily for Parkinson's disease and does not have an effect on seizure activity.
B. Phenytoin (Dilantin) is an antiepileptic medication, but it is not typically used as a rescue medication for immediate cessation of seizures in status epilepticus; it is used for long-term management.
C. Diazepam (Valium) is a benzodiazepine that acts quickly to stop seizures and is commonly used in acute situations, including status epilepticus, due to its rapid onset of action.
D. Ethosuximide (Zarontin) is primarily used for absence seizures and is not indicated for status epilepticus.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Oxymetazoline should not be used for more than 3 days because prolonged use can lead to rebound congestion.
B. Oxymetazoline typically does not cause drowsiness, so taking it at bedtime is not necessary.
C. Oxymetazoline has a rapid onset and should not take a week to show effects.
D. Oxymetazoline is a nasal decongestant and is not used for asthma management.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Lithium is not considered addictive in the traditional sense, and it does not need to be discontinued after six months unless clinically indicated.
B. Diuretics are generally avoided in patients taking lithium due to the risk of lithium toxicity from altered renal clearance, rather than being a routine prescription for difficulty urinating.
C. Close monitoring of lithium levels is crucial to avoid toxicity and ensure therapeutic efficacy, making this statement correct and essential for the patient’s education.
D. While weight gain can occur with lithium therapy, it is not an indicator of lithium toxicity; symptoms of toxicity include nausea, tremors, and confusion rather than weight gain.