A client presents to the healthcare setting with a diagnosis of emphysema. Which of the following medications below would be contraindicated with the client's allergy to soybeans?
montelukast (Singulair)
methylprednisolone (Solumedrol)
ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
albuterol (Ventolin)
The Correct Answer is C
A) Montelukast (Singulair): This medication is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used to manage asthma and allergic rhinitis. It does not contain soy or soy-derived ingredients, making it a safe option for a client with a soybean allergy. There are no known contraindications related to soy in this medication.
B) Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol): This is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation. It is not contraindicated for clients with a soybean allergy, as it does not contain soy-derived components. The medication primarily poses risks related to long-term use, but not specifically regarding soybean allergies.
C) Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent): This medication is an anticholinergic used to relieve bronchospasm. Ipratropium bromide is formulated with soy lecithin, which is derived from soybeans. Therefore, it is contraindicated for clients with a known allergy to soybeans, as it may trigger an allergic reaction.
D) Albuterol (Ventolin): This medication is a short-acting beta-agonist used for quick relief of bronchospasm. It does not contain any soy components and is generally safe for patients with soybean allergies. While there may be other considerations for its use, the allergy to soy is not a concern with this medication.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Stimulates effects of histamine by occupying all H receptor sites: This statement inaccurately describes the action of diphenhydramine. Instead of stimulating histamine effects, diphenhydramine actually blocks them, particularly at H1 receptors, which areinvolved in allergic responses.
B. Blocks effects of histamine by competing and occupying H1 receptor sites: This accurately describes the mechanism of action of diphenhydramine. As an antihistamine, it competes with histamine for binding to H1 receptor sites, effectively reducing symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion.
C. Blocks effects of histamine by competing and occupying H2 receptor sites: This option is incorrect because H2 receptor antagonists are used primarily to reduce gastric acid secretion, not to treat allergic reactions. Diphenhydramine specifically targets H1 receptors, not H2 receptors.
D. Stimulates effects of histamine by increasing the amount of H2 receptor sites: This statement is also incorrect. Diphenhydramine does not stimulate histamine activity or increase receptor sites. Instead, it functions to inhibit the action of histamine at H1 receptors, which is fundamental in alleviating allergy symptoms.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
A) Alternative usage includes being the reversal agent for acetaminophen overdoses: Acetylcysteine is indeed used as an antidote for acetaminophen toxicity. It helps replenish glutathione levels in the liver, thus protecting it from damage caused by the overdose. This is a well-established use of the medication.
B) This medication should not be used for clients with productive coughs: This statement is not correct. Acetylcysteine is used to help thin and loosen mucus, making it easier to expel from the lungs. It can be beneficial for clients with productive coughs, as it aids in reducing excessive respiratory secretions.
C) This medication has a foul smell resembling "rotten eggs": Acetylcysteine has a characteristic odor that is often described as similar to rotten eggs due to the presence of sulfur in its chemical structure. This can be an important consideration for patients when administering the medication.
D) This medication can be utilized in clients with cystic fibrosis. This medication falls under the classification of "mucolytic": Acetylcysteine is classified as a mucolytic agent, making it useful for patients with conditions like cystic fibrosis, where thick mucus production is a significant issue. It helps to decrease the viscosity of secretions, facilitating easier clearance.
E) This medication has anticholinergic properties and side effects: This statement is incorrect. Acetylcysteine does not possess anticholinergic properties. Anticholinergic medications typically reduce secretions and are used for different indications, whereas acetylcysteine serves to increase mucus clearance, not decrease it.