A client is taking cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) for acute muscle spasms of the back. The nurse educates the client on which possible anticholinergic side effects associated with this medication? (Select all that apply)
Decreased Urination
Diarrhea
Dry Mouth
Tachycardia
Excessive Lacrimation
Excessive Sweating
Correct Answer : A,C,D
A. Decreased urination is an anticholinergic side effect due to the medication's action on the bladder.
B. Diarrhea is not an anticholinergic side effect; in fact, anticholinergics typically cause constipation.
C. Dry mouth is a common anticholinergic side effect, resulting from reduced saliva production.
D. Tachycardia can occur as an anticholinergic effect due to decreased vagal tone.
E. Excessive lacrimation is not associated with anticholinergic effects; it is the opposite, as anticholinergics usually lead to dry eyes.
F. Excessive sweating is contrary to anticholinergic effects, which often result in decreased sweating.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. PT/INR is not the appropriate measure for heparin therapy, as heparin is monitored using activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). This response could mislead the client regarding treatment expectations.
B. While it may take time to reach therapeutic levels, this statement doesn't clarify that heparin is not a clot-dissolving agent.
C. Heparin prevents the extension of existing clots and the formation of new clots but does not actively dissolve clots already present.
D. This statement incorrectly suggests that immediate effects are seen, which is not the case as heparin's action involves prevention rather than dissolution.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Asking what the usual pill looks like may not provide clarity and does not address the client's concern directly.
B. While the statement is accurate, it does not provide the client with reassurance or address the reason for the difference in appearance.
C. This response acknowledges the client's concern, offers an explanation about variations in medication appearance due to different manufacturers, and reassures the client that it is the same medication prescribed.
D. Suggesting that the pill is from a different lot number does not address the fact that variations in appearance can occur due to different manufacturers, which is more common and relevant to the situation.