A client is receiving orlistat as part of a weight management program. Which ongoing assessment should be included in the plan of care to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
Depression screening.
Daily calorie count.
Body mass index (BMI).
Serum protein levels.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A Reason:
Depression screening is important for overall health and well-being, especially in weight management programs where mental health can significantly impact outcomes. However, it is not the primary measure for determining the effectiveness of orlistat. Orlistat works by inhibiting the absorption of fats from the diet, leading to weight loss. Therefore, while mental health monitoring is crucial, it does not directly measure the medication’s effectiveness.
Choice B Reason:
Daily calorie count is a useful tool in weight management programs to ensure that clients are adhering to a calorie-restricted diet. However, it is not a direct measure of the effectiveness of orlistat. While calorie counting can help manage weight, the primary goal of orlistat is to reduce fat absorption, which is better reflected in changes in body weight and BMI.
Choice C Reason:
Body mass index (BMI) is a key indicator of weight management and is directly related to the effectiveness of orlistat. BMI is calculated based on height and weight, providing a clear measure of changes in body weight over time. Monitoring BMI helps determine if the client is losing weight as expected, making it the most appropriate assessment for evaluating the effectiveness of orlistat.
Choice D Reason:
Serum protein levels are important for assessing nutritional status and overall health. However, they do not directly measure the effectiveness of orlistat in a weight management program. Orlistat’s primary function is to reduce fat absorption, and its effectiveness is better assessed through changes in body weight and BMI rather than serum protein levels.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
The fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system is designed to be used twice daily, approximately 12 hours apart. Using it more frequently can increase the risk of side effects without providing additional benefits. The medication is intended to provide long-term control of asthma symptoms, not immediate relief during an acute attack.
Choice B Reason:
There is no significant evidence to suggest that using the fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system causes decreased blood pressure. The primary side effects are related to the respiratory system, such as throat irritation, hoarseness, and oral thrush. Therefore, this instruction is not relevant to the proper use of the medication.
Choice C Reason:
When using the discus, the client should breathe out gently and away from the mouthpiece before inhaling the medication. Breathing out rapidly into the mouthpiece can cause the medication to be expelled from the device, reducing its effectiveness. Proper technique involves exhaling gently, then inhaling quickly and deeply through the mouthpiece.
Choice D Reason:
The fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system is not intended for use during an acute asthma attack. It is a maintenance medication designed to prevent asthma symptoms over time. For acute asthma attacks, a short-acting bronchodilator, such as albuterol, should be used. Using the discus during an acute attack will not provide the rapid relief needed.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Glucagon is a hormone used to treat severe hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in individuals with diabetes. Severe hypoglycemia can be life-threatening and requires immediate treatment to raise blood sugar levels. Glucagon works by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. It is crucial for clients and their families to recognize the signs of severe hypoglycemia, such as confusion, unconsciousness, or seizures, and to administer glucagon promptly.
Choice B Reason:
Administering glucagon before meals to prevent hyperglycemia is incorrect. Glucagon is not used to prevent high blood sugar levels; it is specifically used to treat low blood sugar levels. Preventing hyperglycemia typically involves insulin administration and dietary management, not glucagon.
Choice C Reason:
While managing blood sugar levels during sick days is important, glucagon is not used for this purpose. Clients are usually advised to monitor their blood sugar levels more frequently and adjust their insulin doses as needed during illness. Glucagon is reserved for emergency situations involving severe hypoglycemia.
Choice D Reason:
Glucagon is not used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a serious complication of diabetes that requires immediate medical attention and is treated with insulin, fluids, and electrolytes. Administering glucagon would not address the underlying issues of DKA and could potentially worsen the condition.
