A client is prescribed antibiotics while pending the results of their wound culture. The nurse understands this method of medication therapy is known as:
Prophylactic therapy
Palliative therapy
Maintenance Therapy
Empiric therapy
The Correct Answer is D
A. Prophylactic therapy is used to prevent infection in at-risk individuals, not to treat suspected infections before confirming lab results.
B. Palliative therapy is intended for symptom relief, often in cases where curing the disease is not the goal.
C. Maintenance therapy is designed to maintain health stability rather than to treat suspected infections without lab confirmation.
D. Empiric therapy involves starting treatment based on clinical judgment before lab results are available. This approach is useful to manage infections promptly when waiting for cultures could delay necessary care.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections and is not effective against parasitic infections such as pinworms.
B. Zidovudine is an antiretroviral medication used primarily for HIV treatment and does not target pinworms.
C. Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication that is not indicated for treating pinworm infections.
D. Mebendazole is an anthelmintic medication specifically used to treat pinworm infections by inhibiting the metabolism of the parasite, making it the appropriate choice for this client.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","F"]
Explanation
A. Morphine administered intravenously bypasses the gastrointestinal tract and liver, avoiding the first-pass effect entirely.
B. Diphenhydramine in tablet form is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and undergoes significant first-pass metabolism in the liver, affecting its bioavailability.
C. Famotidine in tablet form is also subject to first-pass metabolism, which can reduce its effectiveness.
D. Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are designed to bypass the first-pass metabolism by being absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes.
E. The same applies to nitroglycerin 10mg sublingual tablets; they also avoid the first-pass effect due to sublingual administration.
F. Acetaminophen is taken orally and undergoes first-pass metabolism in the liver, which can significantly affect its overall bioavailability.