A client is experiencing a cholinergic crisis after being administered pyridostigmine IV. The nurse should administer which of the following reversal agents?
Galantamine
Physostigmine
Flumazenil
Atropine
The Correct Answer is D
A. Galantamine is a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and would not be effective in treating a cholinergic crisis.
B. Physostigmine is also a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and would not be suitable for reversing a cholinergic crisis.
C. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist used to reverse benzodiazepine effects, not cholinergic crises.
D. Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that is effective in reversing the effects of excessive acetylcholine during a cholinergic crisis, making it the appropriate choice in this situation.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. LABAs can help prevent asthma attacks, including those triggered by exercise, so this statement is accurate and does not indicate a need for further education.
B. LABAs may cause side effects like an increased heart rate, which the client correctly recognizes.
C. LABAs are not intended for immediate relief of asthma symptoms; they are for long-term control. A short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA) should be used for acute symptoms, indicating this client needs further education.
D. Over time, tolerance can develop with some medications, and this understanding is accurate, so it does not indicate a need for additional teaching.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative that can lead to dependency if used daily, as the body may become reliant on the medication for bowel movements. Chronic use can also result in electrolyte imbalances and diminished bowel function.
B. Psyllium is a bulk-forming laxative that works by increasing the bulk of stool and does not typically lead to dependency.
C. Polyethylene glycol is an osmotic laxative that can be used daily without a significant risk of dependency, as it draws water into the bowel to facilitate stool passage.
D. Docusate sodium is a stool softener that aids in preventing constipation but does not carry a risk of dependency when used regularly.