A client is admitted for treatment of the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH). The nurse should initiate which of the following interventions?
Restriction of fluids
Maintain client NPO
Increase oral intake
Infuse IV fluids rapidly
The Correct Answer is A
A. In SIADH, excess ADH causes water retention and hyponatremia; fluid restriction helps to prevent further dilution of sodium and manage fluid balance.
B. NPO status is unnecessary unless otherwise indicated; managing fluid intake is more effective.
C. Increasing oral intake would worsen fluid overload and hyponatremia.
D. Rapid IV fluid infusion can exacerbate the client’s condition by increasing fluid volume further.
Free Nursing Test Bank
- Free Pharmacology Quiz 1
- Free Medical-Surgical Quiz 2
- Free Fundamentals Quiz 3
- Free Maternal-Newborn Quiz 4
- Free Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 5
- Free Obstetrics and Pediatrics Quiz 6
- Free Fluid and Electrolytes Quiz 7
- Free Community Health Quiz 8
- Free Promoting Health across the Lifespan Quiz 9
- Free Multidimensional Care Quiz 10
View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Elevated PTH levels lead to increased calcium reabsorption from bones and enhanced calcium absorption in the kidneys, which can result in hypercalcemia and increase the risk of renal calculi (kidney stones).
B. Irritability and anxiety are not directly associated with high PTH levels. They are more often linked to thyroid hormone imbalances.
C. Frequent diarrhea is not a common symptom of elevated PTH levels; instead, hypercalcemia can lead to constipation.
D. Tetany and muscle pain are more commonly associated with low calcium levels, such as in hypoparathyroidism, not elevated PTH.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hypotension is not typically associated with adrenal cortex hyperfunction; in fact, patients may experience hypertension due to excess cortisol and aldosterone.
B. Dehydration is more common with adrenal insufficiency than hyperfunction, as excess hormone production often leads to fluid retention.
C. Hyponatremia is generally not a concern with adrenal cortex hyperfunction; clients may experience hypernatremia instead due to fluid retention.
D. Hypokalemia is a significant risk in clients with adrenal cortex hyperfunction, especially due to the effects of excessive aldosterone, which promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion.