A client is admitted for treatment of the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH). The nurse should initiate which of the following interventions?
Restriction of fluids
Maintain client NPO
Increase oral intake
Infuse IV fluids rapidly
The Correct Answer is A
A. In SIADH, excess ADH causes water retention and hyponatremia; fluid restriction helps to prevent further dilution of sodium and manage fluid balance.
B. NPO status is unnecessary unless otherwise indicated; managing fluid intake is more effective.
C. Increasing oral intake would worsen fluid overload and hyponatremia.
D. Rapid IV fluid infusion can exacerbate the client’s condition by increasing fluid volume further.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hypotension is not typically associated with adrenal cortex hyperfunction; in fact, patients may experience hypertension due to excess cortisol and aldosterone.
B. Dehydration is more common with adrenal insufficiency than hyperfunction, as excess hormone production often leads to fluid retention.
C. Hyponatremia is generally not a concern with adrenal cortex hyperfunction; clients may experience hypernatremia instead due to fluid retention.
D. Hypokalemia is a significant risk in clients with adrenal cortex hyperfunction, especially due to the effects of excessive aldosterone, which promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Weight gain is not a symptom of hyperthyroidism; in fact, patients often experience weight loss.
B. Beta blockers are commonly used to manage symptoms of tachycardia and palpitations associated with hyperthyroidism, as they help to decrease heart rate and reduce anxiety.
C. Weight loss is a typical symptom of hyperthyroidism, and beta blockers do not address this issue directly.
D. Depression is not a primary indication for beta blocker use in hyperthyroidism; instead, they are more focused on managing the cardiovascular symptoms associated with the condition.